Table 2.
Plasma tryptophan concentrations and binding in various animal species.
| Species (n) | Tryptophan | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Free | % Free | [Reference] | |
| Vertebrates | ||||
| Human (?) | 65.6 | 8.5 | 12.96 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (48) | 43.0 | 5.4 | 12.56 | Badawy et al75 |
| (114) | 63.0 | 5.3 | 8.41 | Badawy and Dougherty18 |
| (2628) | 68.0 | Ulvik et al76 | ||
| Rat (?) | 155.7 | 16.8 | 10.79 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (6) | 78.1 | 8.3 | 10.63 | Lane et al77 |
| (8) | 89.5 | 8.4 | 9.41 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (5) | 67.0 | 6.6 | 9.80 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| (10) | 198.8 | 21.5 | 10.81 | Allegri et al78 |
| Mouse (?) | 93 | 22.0 | 23.50 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (4 × 3) | 91.6 | 11.8 | 12.80 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (10) | 131.5 | 16.8 | 12.78 | Allegri et al78 |
| Pig (?) | 109.7 | 20.7 | 18.87 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (6) | 85.3 | 12.5 | 14.65 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (6) | 53.0 | Koopmans et al79 | ||
| Dog (?) | 50.9 | 5.0 | 9.82 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (6) | 72.0 | Chiang et al80 | ||
| Guinea pig(?) | 30.4 | 6.7 | 22.04 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (10) | 55.5 | 5.0 | 9.01 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (8) | 72.8 | 7.7 | 10.58 | Allegri et al78 |
| (6) | 57.6 | Shukla and Chandra81 | ||
| (8) | 72.9 | 7.7 | 10.56 | Allegri et al78 |
| Golden hamster (5) | 36.0 | 9.5 | 26.39 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| Mongolian gerbil (4) | 87.4 | 5.5 | 6.29 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| Cat (?) | 46.0 | 5.3 | 11.52 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (1) | 28.7 | 5.3 | 18.47 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (8) | 51.0 | Sakai et al30 | ||
| Rabbit (?) | 64.6 | 6.2 | 9.60 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (4) | 62.2 | 8.0 | 12.86 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (5) | 74.8 | 8.2 | 10.96 | Ragazzi et al82 |
| Herbivores | ||||
| Cow(?) | 52.9 | 9.4 | 17.77 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (4) | 28.0 | Kollmann et al83 | ||
| Heifer (12) | 22.0 | Kollmann et al83 | ||
| Steer (5) | 24.8 | 2.2 | 8.87 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (4) | 18.0 | Marín and Larraín84 | ||
| Sheep (?) | 71.5 | 8.4 | 11.75 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| (6) | 41.1 | 8.3 | 20.19 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (9) | 15.0 | Hofford et al85 | ||
| Goat (12) | 9.0 | Ma et al86 | ||
| Horse (?) | 13.50 | Fuller and Roush74 | ||
| Primates | ||||
| Rhesus monkey (?) | 34.3 | 3.7 | 10.79 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| Green monkey (?) | 28.9 | 4.7 | 16.26 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| Mormoset monkey (?) | 43.6 | 7.6 | 17.43 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| Vervet monkey (15) | 42.0 | 7.2 | 17.14 | Chamberlain et al87 |
| Marsupials | ||||
| Kangaroo(3) | 20.0 | 1.2 | 94.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Amphibians | ||||
| Frog (4 × 4) | 17.6 | 14.6 | 82.95 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (6-7) | 6.4 (October) |
Emelyanova et al88 | ||
| 28.7 (December-January) |
||||
| 9.2 (April) | ||||
| Avians | ||||
| Chicken (?) | 75.4 | 25.8 | 34.22 | Fuller and Roush74 |
| 91.8 | 21.5 | 23.42 | Badawy and Evans7 | |
| Turkey (?) | 28.09 | Fuller and Roush74 | ||
| (4) | 92.5 | 16.8 | 18.16 | Badawy and Evans7 |
| (66) | 112.6 | Middendorf et al89 | ||
| Pigeon (6) | 58.2 | 18.0 | 30.90 | Lane et al77 |
| Teleosts | ||||
| Rainbow trout (4) | 15.0 | 13.0 | 86.70 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| (4-5) | 38.0 | 37.4 | 98.00 | Walton et al1 |
| (15) | 25.0 | Wacyk et al90 | ||
| (5 × 20) | 68.5 | Hajirezaee et al91 | ||
| (8) | 73.0 | Lepage et al92 | ||
| (3 × 2) | 31.0 | Yamamoto et al93 | ||
| Carp (C auratus) (7) | 44.0 | Van Der Boon et al94 | ||
| Channel catfish (3 × 3) | 20.4 | Pohlenz et al95 | ||
| Globefish (4) | 7.4 | 6.0 | 81.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Long-snouted boarfish (4) | 26.0 | 24.0 | 92.31 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Petromyzones | ||||
| Short-headed lamprey (4) | 7.0 | 7.0 | 100.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Elasmobranchii | Fellows and Hird52 | |||
| Port Jackson shark (5) | 21.0 | 21.0 | 100.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Draughtboard shark (4) | 42.0 | 42.0 | 100.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Gummy shark (2) | 40.0 | 39.0 | 97.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Common stingaree (3) | 81.0 | 75.0 | 93.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Eagle ray (2) | 34.0 | 33.0 | 97.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Melbourne skate (1) | 81.0 | 75.0 | 92.60 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Round skate (1) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 100.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Crustacea | ||||
| Southern rock lobster (4) | 30.0 | 20.0 | 33.30 | Fellows and Hird52 |
| Yabbie (4) | 19.0 | 19.0 | 100.00 | Fellows and Hird52 |
Numbers of animals (n) are shown in parentheses. Concentrations of free and total Trp are in µM. Trp binding is expressed as the percentage free Trp (100 × [free Trp]/[total Trp]).