TABLE 6.
Effects of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetate on IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β production in 43HIV cellsa
| Treatment (mM) | Production (pg/ml) of cytokineb:
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1α | IL-1β | TNF-α | TGF-β | |
| None | 135 ± 40 | 385 ± 95 | 265 ± 81 | 0 |
| Ethanol | ||||
| 25 | 75 ± 21 | 180 ± 65 | 111 ± 30 | 175 ± 30 |
| 75 | 37 ± 8 | 95 ± 30 | 37 ± 8 | 125 ± 70 |
| 150 | 15 ± 5 | 53 ± 10 | 25 ± 5 | 195 ± 85 |
| Acetaldehyde | ||||
| 25 | 80 ± 25 | 173 ± 45 | 105 ± 27 | 64 ± 14 |
| 75 | 51 ± 11 | 84 ± 24 | 39 ± 10 | 110 ± 39 |
| 150 | 19 ± 4 | 54 ± 10 | 27 ± 5 | 175 ± 50 |
| Acetate | ||||
| 25 | 74 ± 19 | 157 ± 50 | 97 ± 14 | 54 ± 20 |
| 75 | 50 ± 19 | 71 ± 17 | 42 ± 14 | 130 ± 40 |
| 150 | 25 ± 10 | 45 ± 9 | 25 ± 6 | 210 ± 80 |
a
43HIV cells 7 days after infection were treated with 25, 75, and 150 mM ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetate for 16 h and then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/ml). Immunoreactive cytokines in the culture supernatants were measured by direct-binding enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
b
Data represent the means ± standard errors from three separate experiments.