TABLE 2. Absolute and relative differences in the percentage of COVID-19 patients aged ≥20 years prescribed Paxlovid,* by race, ethnicity,† and age group ― PCORnet, the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network, 30 U.S. sites, April–July 2022.
|
Age group/Race and ethnicity
|
No. of COVID-19 patients§
|
No. (%) treated
|
P-value¶
|
Absolute difference in % treated**
|
Relative difference in % treated**
|
|
≥20 yrs
| |||||
|
Total
|
260,055 |
76,167 (29.3) |
NC |
NC |
NC |
|
Race
| |||||
| AIAN/NHOPI |
2,145 |
526 (24.5) |
<0.001 |
-7.4 |
-23.1 |
| Asian |
12,062 |
3,100 (25.7) |
<0.001 |
-6.2 |
-19.4 |
| Black |
30,482 |
6,239 (20.5) |
<0.001 |
-11.4 |
-35.8 |
| White |
187,369 |
59,752 (31.9) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
| Multiple or other |
12,396 |
2,967 (23.9) |
<0.001 |
-8.0 |
-24.9 |
|
Ethnicity
| |||||
| Hispanic |
23,711 |
5,042 (21.3) |
<0.001 |
-9.1 |
-29.9 |
| Non-Hispanic |
217,739 |
66,043 (30.3) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
|
20–49 yrs
| |||||
|
Total
|
117,372 |
24,501 (20.9) |
NC |
NC |
NC |
|
Race
| |||||
| AIAN/NHOPI |
1,207 |
254 (21.0) |
0.240 |
-1.4 |
-6.3 |
| Asian |
7,271 |
1,259 (17.3) |
<0.001 |
-5.1 |
-22.9 |
| Black |
15,632 |
2,709 (17.3) |
<0.001 |
-5.1 |
-22.8 |
| White |
77,223 |
17,344 (22.5) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
| Multiple or other |
7,161 |
1,374 (19.2) |
<0.001 |
-3.3 |
-14.6 |
|
Ethnicity
| |||||
| Hispanic |
14,157 |
2,410 (17.0) |
<0.001 |
-4.5 |
-20.8 |
| Non-Hispanic |
93,734 |
20,145 (21.5) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
|
50–64 yrs
| |||||
|
Total
|
67,844 |
23,246 (34.3) |
NC |
NC |
NC |
|
Race
| |||||
| AIAN/NHOPI |
554 |
156 (28.2) |
<0.001 |
-8.5 |
-23.2 |
| Asian |
2,567 |
890 (34.7) |
0.045 |
-2.0 |
-5.4 |
| Black |
8,724 |
2,104 (24.1) |
<0.001 |
-12.5 |
-34.2 |
| White |
49,406 |
18,105 (36.6) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
| Multiple or other |
2,847 |
863 (30.3) |
<0.001 |
-6.3 |
-17.3 |
|
Ethnicity
| |||||
| Hispanic |
5,940 |
1,617 (27.2) |
<0.001 |
-7.9 |
-22.5 |
| Non-Hispanic |
57,186 |
20,087 (35.1) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
|
65–79 yrs
| |||||
|
Total
|
58,097 |
23,197 (39.9) |
NC |
NC |
NC |
|
Race
| |||||
| AIAN/NHOPI |
318 |
96 (30.2) |
<0.001 |
-12.0 |
-28.5 |
| Asian |
1,717 |
777 (45.3) |
0.014 |
3.0 |
7.2 |
| Black |
5,024 |
1,188 (23.6) |
<0.001 |
-18.6 |
-44.0 |
| White |
46,831 |
19,777 (42.2) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
| Multiple or other |
1,815 |
591 (32.6) |
<0.001 |
-9.7 |
-22.9 |
|
Ethnicity
| |||||
| Hispanic |
2,830 |
820 (29.0) |
<0.001 |
-11.7 |
-28.8 |
| Non-Hispanic |
51,734 |
21,050 (40.7) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
|
≥80 yrs
| |||||
|
Total
|
16,974 |
5,213 (30.7) |
NC |
NC |
NC |
|
Race
| |||||
| AIAN/NHOPI |
67 |
20 (29.9) |
0.810 |
-2.1 |
-6.6 |
| Asian |
484 |
174 (36.0) |
0.072 |
4.0 |
12.5 |
| Black |
1,124 |
217 (19.3) |
<0.001 |
-12.7 |
-39.6 |
| White |
14,080 |
4,501 (32.0) |
NC |
Ref |
Ref |
| Multiple or other |
544 |
140 (25.7) |
0.003 |
-6.2 |
-19.5 |
|
Ethnicity
| |||||
| Hispanic |
766 |
195 (25.5) |
0.001 |
-5.6 |
-18.1 |
| Non-Hispanic | 15,279 | 4,751 (31.1) | NC | Ref | Ref |
Abbreviations: AIAN/NHOPI = American Indian or Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander; ICD-10-CM = International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification; NC = not calculated; PCORnet = PCORnet, the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network; Ref = referent group.
* COVID-19 patients were identified by a positive SARS-CoV-2 viral test result, an ICD-10-CM diagnostic code for COVID-19 (U07.1 and U07.2), or treatment with a COVID-19 medication (Paxlovid, Lagevrio, monoclonal antibodies, or Veklury). Patients were considered treated if they were prescribed Paxlovid.
† Race and ethnicity were assessed as separate variables because the PCORnet distributed query statistical program does not allow for assessment of combined race and ethnicity by month or for shorter periods (April–July 2022). Approximately 58% of multiple and other race patients were of Hispanic ethnicity.
§ Number of patients with missing race and missing ethnicity are not shown, but can be calculated by subtracting the number of patients with known race or ethnicity from the total number of patients.
¶ Pearson’s chi-square tests comparing percentage treated in the minority racial and ethnic groups with percentage treated in the majority or referent group (i.e., White race and non-Hispanic ethnicity).
** Absolute difference was calculated as the percentage treated in the minority racial and ethnic group minus the percentage treated in the majority or referent group (i.e., percentage point difference). Relative difference was calculated as the absolute difference divided by the percentage treated in the majority or referent group.