Table 3.
Means and standard deviations (in brackets) for wellbeing, work-related quality of life (WRQoL), coping strategies and burnout across study phases.
| Variable | Phase 1 (n = 2546) | Phase 2 (n = 2718) | Phase 3 (n = 2212) | Phase Comparison |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | p-Value | |||
| Wellbeing | 20.96 (3.78) | 20.21 (3.36) | 20.18 (3.81) | <0.001 |
| Quality of working life | 78.09 (17.50) | 72.53 (15.92) | 71.98 (15.88) | <0.001 |
| Coping strategies | ||||
| Active coping | 6.00 (1.64) | 5.47 (1.70) | 5.32 (1.87) | <0.001 |
| Planning | 5.81 (1.81) | 5.52 (1.86) | 5.57 (1.74) | <0.001 |
| Positive reframing | 5.85 (1.65) | 5.57 (1.70) | 5.37 (1.69) | <0.001 |
| Acceptance | 6.39 (1.53) | 6.18 (1.51) | 5.97 (1.47) | <0.001 |
| Use of emotional support | 4.93 (1.77) | 4.74 (1.83) | 4.69 (1.76) | <0.001 |
| Use of instrumental support | 4.34 (1.83) | 4.30 (1.79) | 4.11 (1.74) | <0.001 |
| Venting | 3.51 (1.43) | 4.15 (1.64) | 4.07 (1.61) | <0.001 |
| Substance use | 2.75 (1.41) | 2.81 (1.44) | 2.98 (1.56) | <0.001 |
| Behavioural disengagement | 2.73 (1.25) | 3.00 (1.37) | 3.22 (1.53) | <0.001 |
| Self-blame | 3.42 (1.81) | 4.01 (1.88) | 4.24 (1.87) | <0.001 |
| Family–work segmentation | 5.13 (0.84) | 5.12 (0.84) | 5.13 (0.86) | 0.673 |
| Work–family segmentation | 4.66 (1.05) | 4.59 (1.07) | 4.44 (1.25) | <0.001 |
| Working to improve skills/efficiency | 4.49 (1.09) | 4.18 (1.15) | 4.23 (1.12) | <0.001 |
| Recreation and relaxation | 3.75 (1.23) | 3.55 (1.31) | 3.46 (1.22) | <0.001 |
| Exercise | 3.97 (1.41) | 3.65 (1.38) | 3.34 (1.41) | <0.001 |
| Burnout | ||||
| Personal | Not measured | 61.21 (19.77) | 63.60 (21.17) | <0.001 |
| Work-related | Not measured | 56.33 (21.10) | 60.32 (21.72) | <0.001 |
| Client-related | Not measured | 27.95 (20.35) | 29.74 (21.76) | <0.001 |