Table 3.

Multivariate logistics regression of factors associated with severity progression.

	Univariate		Multivariate*
	OR (95%CI)	P-value	Adjusted OR (95%CI)	P-value
Female	0.31 (0.19–0.49)	<0.001	0.34 (0.16–0.68)	0.003
Age ≤ 70 yrs	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Age > 70 yrs	3.57 (2.3–5.58)	<0.001	1.8 (0.91–3.59)	0.093
Comorbidities
CKD stage 4–5	3.72 (2.35–5.87)	<0.001	3.21 (1.45–7.27)	0.004
Metabolic disease	2.29 (1.39–3.7)	<0.001	1.35 (0.67–2.64)	0.395
Heart conditions	3.23 (2.09–5.03)	<0.001	1.53 (0.73–3.2)	0.256
Neurodegenerative disease	3.37 (1.5–7.04)	0.002	1.79 (0.43–6.82)	0.403
Cerebral vascular disease	3.87 (2.09–6.95)	<0.001	0.96 (0.35–2.64)	0.943
Lung disease	2.61 (1.33–4.83)	0.003	2.46 (0.91–6.38)	0.067
Acute conditions	3.35 (1.55–6.79)	0.001	1.91 (0.67–5.16)	0.210
Cancer	4.82 (2.93–7.84)	<0.001	9.52 (4.19–22.61)	<0.00
Isolated hypertension	1.18 (0.66–2.03)	0.557	–	–
Bone fracture	2.48 (0.56–7.94)	0.164	–	–
Autoimmune diseases	NA	NA	–	–
Long-term bedridden	7.51 (4.76–11.91)	<0.001	4.94 (2.36–10.44)	<0.001
COVID-19 vaccination
Not fully vaccinated	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Fully vaccinated or booster	0.11 (0.04–0.25)	<0.001	0.35 (0.12–0.87)	0.034

*607 participants were enrolled for multivariate regression after removing missing values.

Note: Factors with adjusted OR <1.00 and P-value < 0.05 were considered as protective factors against illness progression while factors with adjusted OR >1.00 and P-value < 0.05 were considered as risk factors. Smaller or bigger adjusted HR indicates stronger protection or risk, respectively.

Abbreviation: OR: Odds Ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval; CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease; yrs: years old;