TABLE 1.
Descriptions of the two studies about Model-A and Model-B.
| Items | Model-A (Guo et al., 2020) | Model-B (Lin et al., 2015) |
|---|---|---|
| Study design | A prospective study | A prospective study |
| Subjects | Chinese patients with seizures aged ≥18 years old in General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation (TISCO) | Chinese epileptic patients with normal liver and renal functions and 14 years of age or older in Huashan Hospital (Shanghai), Changzheng Hospital (Shanghai), Children’s Hospital (Shanghai), Tiantan Hospital (Beijing), and Brain Hospital (Nanjing) |
| Sample collection | Steady-state VPA serum concentration data were collected from January to December 2018 | VPA serum samples at a steady state before the morning dose were collected between 1 October 1998, and 31 October 2003 |
| Model description | One-compartment model | One-compartment model |
| Number of patients | 60 | 199 |
| Number of measurements | 98 | 247 |
| Age (years) | 60 ± 11.8 (22–88) | 26.6 ± 11.7 (14–66) |
| Gender (male/female) | 44/16 | 114/85 |
| Daily dose of VPA (mg) | 500 (200–1,200) | 884.5 ± 317.7 (250–1800) |
| VPA concentration (mg/L) | <150 | 61.9 ± 26.8 (3.2–140.3) |
| Formulation of VPA | Standard VPA dosing regimens (i.e., oral: 500 mg [immediate release tablets/solutions], twice per day; intravenous: 400 mg, twice per day) | VPA was prescribed 1–4 times a day and was administered orally in the forms of sustained-release tablets (Depakine, Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceutical Ltd., Hangzhou, China) or conventional tablets (Hunan Xiangzhong Pharmaceutical Ltd., China) |
| Concomitant medications | Other medications that affect VPA concentrations were excluded (e.g., phenobarbital, carbamazepine, meropenem, imipenem, etc.) | Carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, topiramate, and clonazepam |