Table 2.
Serological and T cell specific response at T3.
| Characteristics | P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| patients with RA | HCWs | Within RA cohort | patients with RA vs HCWs | |||||
| N (%) | 52 (57.8) | 38 (42.2) | ||||||
| Antibody response | Qualitative response | Anti-RBD antibodies responders N (%) | 51 (98.1) | 38 (100) | >0.999b | |||
| Anti-RBD antibodies responders within the subgroups N (%) | TNF-α-inhibitors | 7/7 (100) | - | 0.213a | >0.999b | |||
| IL-6 inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 13/13 (100) | - | >0.999b | |||||
| CTLA-4-Ig inhibitors +/-DMARDs/CSs | 12/12 (100) | - | >0.999b | |||||
| DMARDs +/- CSs | 12/12 (100) | - | >0.999b | |||||
| JAK inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 7/8 (87.5) | - | 0.174b | |||||
| Quantitative response | Anti-RBD titersbinding antibody units /ml median (IQR) | 1701 (816-2843) | 4516 (3098-5477) | <0.0001c | ||||
| TNF-α inhibitors | 2214 (835-2767) | - | 0.829c | 0.126d | ||||
| IL-6 inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 1272 (670-3691) | - | 0.003d | |||||
| CTLA-4-Ig inhibitors +/-DMARDs/CSs | 1598 (379-3434) | - | 0.001d | |||||
| DMARDs +/- CSs | 2264 (521-4671) | - | 0.023d | |||||
| JAK inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 1082 (735-2309) | 0.0009d | ||||||
| S-specific interferon-γ T cell response | Qualitative response | S responders N (%) | 36 (69.2) | 38 (100) | <0.0001b | |||
| S responders within the subgroups N (%) | TNF-α inhibitors | 6/7 (85.7) | - | 0.211a | 0.156b | |||
| IL-6 inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 10/13 (76.9) | - | 0.014b | |||||
| CTLA-4-Ig inhibitors +/-DMARDs/CSs | 5/12 (41.7) | - | <0.0001b | |||||
| DMARDs +/- CSs | 9/12 (75) | - | 0.011b | |||||
| JAK inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 6/8 (75) | - | 0.027b | |||||
| Quantitative response | S interferon-γ levelspg/ml median (IQR) | 34.5 (12.4-141.9) | 425.9 (196-792) | <0.0001c | ||||
| TNF-α inhibitors | 43.5 (29.6-144.6) | - | 0.164c | 0.024d | ||||
| IL-6 inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 48.5 (14.9-168.5) | - | 0.0002d | |||||
| CTLA-4-Ig inhibitors +/-DMARDs/CSs | 12.8 (0.26-34.3) | - | <0.0001d | |||||
| DMARDs +/-CSs | 34.5 (15.6 -219) | - | 0.0015d | |||||
| JAK inhibitors+/-DMARDs/CSs | 40.4 (15.4-85.4) | - | 0.0010d | |||||
Abbreviations: CSs, corticosteroids; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4; DMARDs, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; HCWs, health care workers; Ig, immunoglobulin; IL, interleukin; IQR, interquartile range; JAK, Janus Kinase; N, number; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RBD, receptor-binding domain; S, spike; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
a
Fisher test; bFisher test with Bonferroni correction (α/5, P ≤0.01); cKruskal-Wallis test; dKruskal-Wallis test adjusted with Dunn's multiple comparisons test (P <0.05). In bold are reported values that are significant.