Subgroup analysis of OS. Forest plots for OS are shown. A HR < 1 implies a lower risk of death with the GCP regimen than with gefitinib-alone. The Cox proportional hazards regression model includes randomly assigned treatments, subgroup covariates of interest, and treatment-by-subgroup interaction. ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; GCP, gefitinib and carboplatin plus pemetrexed; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival.