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. 2022 Nov 1;12(10):146. doi: 10.1038/s41408-022-00741-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A Time to neutrophil recovery in the 151 lymphoma patients treated with anti-CD19 CAR T cells who developed severe neutropenia. Patients were stratified by whether they received prophylactic G-CSF (N = 106) or not (control, N = 45). Median time to neutrophil recovery was significantly shorter in the prophylactic G-CSF group (3 vs. 4 days, P < 0.01). In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, administration of prophylactic G-CSF prior to CAR T retained significance for faster neutrophil recovery (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.39–3.20, P < 0.01). B Among 197 lymphoma patients treated with anti-CD19 CAR T cells, the cumulative incidence of either later severe neutropenia or treatment with G-CSF after day 10 post-CAR T infusion is shown, with progression or death as a competing risk (not shown). Prophylactic G-CSF did not significantly reduce the risk of recurrent severe neutropenia or later G-CSF treatment (Fine-Gray, HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.43–1.25, P = 0.26). 95% confidence intervals are represented by shading.