Figure 1.

Study flow chart: processing of human milk probes. ALP = alkaline phosphatase; CFU = colony forming units; DHM = donor human milk, HoP = Holder pasteurisation; HTST = high temperature short time treatment; sIgA = secretory immunoglobulin A. *Preparation of milk whey: From samples 10 ml aliquots were centrifuged at 600 g for 10 min, the resulting aqueous layer was centrifuged again at 600 g for 10 min and the resulting whey supernatant was centrifuged at 2,500 g for 10 min and the resultant supernatant was then filtrated with a 0.45 μm with syringe filter. **Lower limit of detection < 10 cfu/ml, inoculated but not heat-treated aliquots were also analyzed.