Table 2.

Relative risks for severe and moderate exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comparing glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists with sulfonylureas

	Patients	Events	Person years	Incidence rate (95% CI)* †	Crude HR or RR‡	Weighted HR or RR‡ (95% CI)†
Time to first exacerbation
Severe exacerbations:
Sulfonylureas	14 259	1261	24 126	5.0 (4.7 to 5.3)	1.00	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 receptor agonists	1252	64	1853	3.5 (2.7 to 4.4)	0.64	0.70 (0.49 to 0.99)
Moderate exacerbations:
Sulfonylureas	14 259	909	22 718	5.4 (5.0 to 5.7)	1.00	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 receptor agonists	1252	58	1765	3.3 (2.5 to 4.3)	0.79	0.63 (0.43 to 0.94)
No of exacerbations
Severe exacerbations:
Sulfonylureas	14 259	2053	25 765	7.9 (7.5 to 8.3)	1.00	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 receptor agonists	1252	89	1913	4.7 (3.8 to 5.7)	0.58	0.59 (0.37 to 0.94)
Moderate exacerbations:
Sulfonylureas	14 259	1482	24 126	7.8 (7.4 to 8.2)	1.00	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 receptor agonists	1252	75	1853	4.1 (3.2 to 5.1)	0.66	0.52 (0.34 to 0.80)

CI=confidence interval; HR=hazard ratio; RR=rate ratio.

^*Per 100 person years.

^†Weighted using propensity score fine stratification.

^‡HR for time to first exacerbation; RR for number of exacerbations.