FIG. 2.

Effects of milk from an immunized cow on the ratio of S. mutans to total streptococci in saliva (A) and dental plaque (B). The volunteers rinsed with milk (solid circles) from a Holstein cow immunized with fusion protein PAcA-GB or with control milk (open circles) (10 ml/rinse) twice a day (morning and night) after brushing for 14 days after an initial 5 days of CPC treatment. The values are the mean + standard deviation of the ratio of S. mutans to total streptococci expressed as a percentage of the baseline level. The statistical difference between the baseline level and the ratio of S. mutans to total streptococci at each sampling date was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. ∗, P < 0.1; ∗∗, P < 0.05.