Table 2.
Factors that regulate exosome biogenesis
| Genes | Roles on exosome biogenesis | Targets | Cancer cell types | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| microRNAs | Let-7a | Inhibit | SNAP23 | CRC | [196] |
|
miR-134 and miR -135b |
Inhibit | YKT6 | NSCLC | [195] | |
| LncRNAs | LncRNA-APC1 | Inhibit | Rab5b | CRC | [198] |
| LINC00511 | Enhance | RAB27B, VAMP7-SNAP23 complex | HCC | [127] | |
| PVT1 | Enhance | YKT6, RAB7, and VAMP3 | Pancreatic cancer | [199] | |
| HOTAIR | Enhance | Rab35, SNAP23 | HCC | [135] | |
| PTMs | Phosphorylation | Enhance | Syntenin, SNAP23, Hrs | Breast cancer, melanoma | [23, 180, 184] |
| Inhibit | Ago2 | Colon cancer | [181] | ||
| SUMOylation | Enhance | hnRNPA1, hnRNPA2B1 | Bladder cancer | [84, 85] | |
| O-GlcNAclation | Inhibit | SNAP-23 | Ovarian and Breast cancer | [141] | |
| Neddylation | Inhibit | Coro1a | Colon cancer | [102] |
HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma, NSCLC Non-small cell lung cancer, CRC Colorectal cancer