Table 3.
Fixed and random parameter estimates for linear mixed models predicting the percent of days covered on MOUD among those who utilized MOUD care, between cohorts and over time.
| Buprenorphine PDC (n = 23,915) |
Methadone PDC (n = 6394) |
Naltrexone PDC (n = 9126) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed Effects | Est. (SE) | Est. (SE) | Est. (SE) |
| Intercept | 0.83(0.00)* ** | 0.58(0.01)* ** | 0.80(0.00)* ** |
| Agea | .00(0.00) | 0.06(0.01)* ** | 0.01(0.00)* ** |
| Gender (male ref.) |
-0.00(0.01) | 0.02(0.02) | 0.01(0.01) |
| Race/Ethnicity (White ref.) |
-0.07(0.00)* ** | -0.11(0.01)* ** | -0.00(0.00) |
| Rural vs. Urban (urban ref.) |
0.02(0.00)* ** | 0.13(0.01)* ** | -0.00(0.00) |
| CCIa | -.03(0.00)* ** | 0.00(0.00) | -0.01(0.00)* ** |
| PDGa | -.02(0.00)* ** | -0.03(0.01)* ** | -0.00(0.00) |
| Year 2 vs. 1 (year 1 ref.) |
-0.01(0.00)* * | -0.02(0.00)* ** | 0.00(0.00) |
| Cohort (comparison cohort ref.) |
0.01(0.00)* ** | 0.01(0.01) | 0.01(0.00)* |
| Cohort X Year | 0.01(0.00)* ** | -0.08(0.01)* ** | 0.01(0.01)† |
| Random effects | SD | SD | SD |
| Level 2 | |||
| Interceptb | .21 | 0.31 | 0.04 |
| Level 1 | |||
| Residual | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.17 |
Note: CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index; PDG = Psychiatric Diagnosis Groups; Est. = Estimate; SE = Standard Error; SD = Standard Deviation
a Centered and standardized to overcome scale differences and facilitate model convergence
b Parameter estimate of between person variance around fixed intercept.
†p < .10, *p < .05, * *p < .01, * **p < .001