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. 2022 Nov 1;241:109678. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109678

Table 5.

Fixed and random parameter estimates for linear mixed models predicting the number of therapy/counseling sessions attended between cohorts and over time.


Therapy/Counseling Number of Sessions Attended

In Person
Telehealth
Total
Fixed Effects Est. (SE) Est. (SE) Est. (SE)
Intercept 17.43(0.16)* ** 0.18(0.03)* ** 17.61(0.17)* **
Agea -2.58(0.09)* ** -0.17(0.01)* ** -2.75(0.10)* **
Gender
(male ref.)
-1.46(0.34)* ** 0.41(0.05)* ** -1.05(0.35)* *
Race/Ethnicity
(White ref.)
3.43(0.19)* ** 0.07(0.03)* * 3.51(0.19)* **
Rural vs. Urban
(urban ref.)
-3.76(0.19)* ** -0.14(0.03)* ** -3.91(0.20)* **
CCIa -.60(0.09)* ** -0.09(0.01)* ** -0.70(0.09)* **
PDGa 3.97(0.09)* ** 0.34(0.01)* ** 4.31(0.09)* **
Year 2 vs. 1
(year 1 ref.)
-5.68(0.14)* ** -0.03(0.03) -5.71(0.14)* **
Cohort
(comparison cohort ref.)
-0.23(0.19) 0.09(0.03)* * -0.14(0.20)
Cohort X Year -6.92(0.20)* ** 2.61(0.04)* ** -4.30(0.20)* **
Random effects SD SD SD
Level 2
Interceptb 21.90 0.93 23.07
Level 1
Residual 23.20 5.08 23.09

Note: CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index; PDG = Psychiatric Diagnosis Groups; Est. = Estimate; SE = Standard Error; SD = Standard Deviation

a Centered and standardized to overcome scale differences and facilitate model convergence

b Parameter estimate of between person variance around fixed intercept.

p < .10, *p < .05, * *p < .01, * **p < .001