Table 1.

Demographic characteristics and clinical data

	Control	Active CD	Inactive CD
N	15	21	12
Sex [male/female]	10/5	10/11	5/7
Age	50.8 ± 9.1	40.3 ± 12.28	46.4 ± 14.69
BMI [kg/m2]	24.51 ± 1.9	24.49 ± 3.8	24.80 ± 7.4
Glucose [mg/dL]	81 ± 3.5	78.81 ± 17.58	84 ± 11.29
Cholesterol [mg/dL]	115 ± 15	138.4 ± 30.4	122.5 ± 17.36
HDLc [mg/dL]	38.6 ± 3.5	43.94 ± 14.45	31.13 ± 8.4
Triglycerides [mg/dL]	97.4 ± 5.9	102 ± 54.63	147.54 ± 96.6a
Smoking status, n [%]
Current-smoker	5 [3.3]	5 [23.8]	2 [16.6]
Never-smoker	6 [40]	14 [66]	6 [50]
Ex-smoker	4 [26.6]	2 [9.5]	4 [9.5]
Age at diagnosis, n [%]
A1	—	1 [4.8]	4 [33.3]
A2	—	17 [80.9]	3 [25]
A3	—	3 [14.3]	5 [41.6]
Location, n [%]
L1	—	17 [80.9]	8 [66.6]
L2	—	1 [4.8]	2 [16.6]
L3	—	3 [14.3]	2 [16.6]
Behaviour, n [%]
B1	—	2 [9.5]	5 [41.6]
B2	—	9 [42.8]	4 [33.3]
B3	—	10 [47.6]	3 [25]
Corticoid treatment, n [%]	—	9 [52.9]	6 [50]
Biological treatment, n [%]	—	10 [58.8]	7 [58.3]
C-reactive protein [mg/dl]	0.15 ± 0.06	3.12 ± 0.98a	0.77 ± 0.16a,b
Faecal calprotectin [μg/g]	—	2219 ± 290.4	369.3 ± 216.5b
Succinate [μM]	42.46 ± 5.06	128.82 ± 20.9a	88.82 ± 10.1a,b

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; age at diagnosis: A1 ≤ 16 years; A2 17–40 years; A3 > 40 years; location: L1 = ileal; L2 = colonic; L3 = ileocolonic; behaviour: B1 = no stenotic, no fistulizing Crohn’s disease; B2 = stenotic Crohn’s disease; B3 = fistulizing Crohn’s disease.

p <0.05, significant differences compared with healthy control;

p <0.05, significant differences compared with patients with active disease.