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. 2022 Oct 18;10(4):92. doi: 10.3390/diseases10040092

Table 1.

Characteristics of the sample by severity of anxiety.

Characteristic Overall GAD < 10 GAD ≥ 10 p
N 1007 696 311
Age 34.0 (9.45) 34.0 (9.48) 33.9 (9.38) 0.800
BMI 26.6 (7.85) 26.3 (7.78) 27.5 (7.96) 0.024 *
Sex Overall GAD < 10 GAD ≥ 10 p
Male 388 (38.5%) 265 (38.1%) 123 (39.5%) 0.700
Female 619 (61.5%) 431 (61.9%) 188 (60.5%)
Race Overall GAD < 10 GAD ≥ 10 p
Non-Hispanic White 597 (59.5%) 425 (61.3%) 172 (55.5%) 0.400
Black/African-American 251 (25.0%) 163 (23.5%) 88 (28.4%)
Hispanic/Latino 46 (4.6%) 31 (4.5%) 15 (4.8%)
Asian 54 (5.4%) 39 (5.6%) 15 (4.8%)
Other/Multiracial 55 (5.5%) 35 (5.1%) 20 (6.5%)
Income Quintile Overall GAD < 10 GAD ≥ 10 p
1 (lowest) 187 (18.6%) 137 (19.7%) 50 (16.1%) 0.1200
2 157 (15.6%) 113 (16.2%) 44 (14.1%)
3 249 (24.7%) 178 (25.6%) 71 (22.8%)
4 231 (22.9%) 154 (22.1%) 77 (24.8%)
5 (highest) 183 (18.2%) 114 (16.4%) 69 (22.2%)
Education Overall GAD < 10 GAD ≥ 10 p
College 563 (55.9%) 420 (60.3%) 143 (46.0%) <0.001 *
Some college 312 (31.0%) 198 (28.4%) 114 (36.7%)
High school or less 132 (13.1%) 78 (11.2%) 54 (17.4%)
Sleep Apnea Risk score Overall GAD <10 GAD ≥ 10 p
MAP Score −2.0 (1.56) −2.1 (1.52) −1.7 (1.60) <0.001 *
Total Sleep Time Overall GAD < 10 GAD ≥ 10 p
Short Sleep 477 (47.4%) 286 (41.1%) 191 (61.4%) <0.001 *
Recommended Sleep 480 (47.7%) 380 (54.6%) 100 (32.2%)
Long Sleep 50 (5.0%) 30 (4.3%) 20 (6.4%)
Insomnia Category Overall GAD < 10 GAD ≥ 10 p
No Insomnia 350 (34.8%) 315 (45.3%) 35 (11.3%) <0.001 *
Subthreshold Insomnia 389 (38.6%) 270 (38.8%) 119 (38.3%)
Moderate Insomnia 212 (21.1%) 97 (13.9%) 115 (37.0%)
Severe Insomnia 56 (5.6%) 14 (2.0%) 42 (13.5%)

Mean (SD); n (%); GAD: Generalized Anxiety Disorder; MAP: Multivariable Apnea Prediction Score; * p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant; Income quintile 1, lowest socioeconomic status; Income quintile 5, highest socioeconomic status.