Table 1. Socioeconomic, clinical and health characteristics of community-dwelling older adults. Macapá, Amapá, Brazil, 2017 (n = 411).
| Frailty syndrome | Total sample (n=411) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Frail53 (12.9%) | Pre-frail240 (58.4%) | Non-frail118 (28.7%) | P | ||
| Age (years) | 74 ± 8.49 | 70.64 ± 7.26 | 67.41 ± 5.44 | < 0.001* | 70.14 ± 7.25 | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 13 (24.5%) | 77 (32.1%) | 48 (40.7%) | 0.088 | 138 (33.6%) | |
| Female | 40 (75.5%) | 163 (67.9%) | 70 (59.3%) | 273 (66.4%) | ||
| Education (years) | 4.43 ± 4.37 | 5.61 ± 5.21 | 6.78 ± 5.55 | 0.010** | 5.79 ± 5.25 | |
| Marital status | ||||||
| With partner | 49 (41.5%) | 140 (58.3%) | 31 (58.5%) | 0.008 | 220 (53.5%) | |
| Without partner | 69 (58.5%) | 100 (41.7%) | 22 (41.5%) | 191 (46.5%) | ||
| Living arrangement | ||||||
| Alone | 2 (3.8%) | 15 (6.2%) | 11 (9.3%) | 0.357 | 28 (6.8%) | |
| Accompanied | 51 (96.2%) | 225 (93.8%) | 107 (90.7%) | 383 (93.2%) | ||
| Health perception | ||||||
| Positive | 53 (44.9%) | 63 (26.3%) | 8 (15.4%) | < 0.001 | 124 (30.2%) | |
| Negative | 65 (55.1%) | 177 (73.8%) | 44 (84.6%) | 286 (69.6%) | ||
| Smoking habit | ||||||
| Yes | 10 (8.5%) | 25 (11.7%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0.081 | 39 (9.5%) | |
| No | 118 (91.5%) | 212 (88.3%) | 52 (98.1%) | 372 (90.5%) | ||
| Hospitalization in the last year | ||||||
| Yes | 10 (8.5%) | 35 (14.6%) | 13 (24.5%) | 0.019 | 58 (14.1%) | |
| No | 108 (91.5%) | 205 (85.4%) | 40 (75.5%) | 353 (85.9%) | ||
| BADL | ||||||
| Dependent | 8 (15.1%) | 18 (7.5%) | 4 (3.4%) | 0.024 | 30 (7.3%) | |
| Independent | 45 (84.9%) | 222 (92.5%) | 114 (96.6%) | 381 (92.7%) | ||
| IADL | ||||||
| Dependent | 43 (81.1%) | 175 (72.9%) | 68 (57.6%) | 0.002 | 286 (69.6%) | |
| Independent | 10 (18.9%) | 65 (27.1%) | 50 (42.4%) | 125 (30.4%) | ||
| Sedentary behavior (hours) | 3.28 ± 2.77 | 3.01 ± 2.77 | 2.40 ± 1.74 | 0.038*** | 2.86 ± 2.53 | |
Data are reported as n = number of subjects; mean ± standard deviation; P < 0.05; BADL = basic activities of daily living; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living; Multiple comparisons between groups: significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed between the three groups.
*
Non-frail ≠ Pre-frail ≠ Frail
**
Non-frail ≠ Frail
***
Non-frail ≠ Pre-frail.