Figure 5.

Results from the basic model using parameters from table 1. (a) Times for capture, t_c, of a free-floating passive particle positioned at an initial distance of 0.8 mm in front of the mouth of the model fish. (b) Times, t_d, for water deformation rates from the strike surpassing the threshold k_d = 1.0 s⁻¹. Broken lines bracket of (a) and (b) indicate experimentally observed range of fish peak accelerations [9]. (c) The time difference between (a) and (b), where contours represent the boundaries between a capture zone (t_c < t_esc) and an escape zone for different values of the copepod's reaction-delay time, t_r. Solid lines indicate the theoretical requirement of capture solely relying on acceleration, k_u = 1.78 × 10⁵ mm s⁻² (equation (3.1)), or solely on suction k_m = 4.77 × 10⁵ mm³ s⁻² (equation (3.2)) given the parameters in table 1. Dashed diagonal line indicates the approximate linear relationship of k_m and k_u that maximizes the time under deformation threshold, k_u = 6.04 k_m (equation (3.4)). The blue circle and red diamond indicate parameter combinations for the corresponding symbols in figure 4.