Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Measure | M[SD] or % | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 37.19[4.56] | 23.40–49.26 |
| Child age (years) | 4.19[0.87] | 3.05–5.99 |
| Income-to-FPL ratio | 6.44[3.26] | 0.33–14.60 |
| APCA Variables | ||
| Maternal cumulative adversity | 9.90[5.93] | 0–27 |
| Maternal childhood adversity | 3.59[3.33] | 0–16 |
| Maternal preconception adversity | 2.89[2.64] | 0–10 |
| Maternal prenatal adversity | 1.24[1.82] | 0–9 |
| Maternal adversity since child’s birth | 2.70[2.71] | 0–13 |
| Child witnessed adversity | 1.18[1.50] | 0–8 |
| Child direct adversity | 0.57[0.92] | 0–4 |
| Time to complete (minutes) | 18.23[12.82] | 0–63 |
| Maternal childhood maltreatment (CTQ) | 7.48[14.37] | 0–94 |
| Maternal adverse experiences assessed 3–5 years earlier (DQAQ-SPF) |
2.20[1.74] | 0–10 |
| Maternal positive childhood experiences | 9.39[1.13] | 4–10 |
| Maternal depressive symptoms | 9.68[6.83] | 0–32 |
| Maternal anxiety symptoms | 5.25[5.88] | 0–35 |
| Child total emotional and behavioral problems | 25.31[15.69] | 0–75 |
| Child female sex | 47% | |
| Maternal race | ||
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 2% | |
| Asian or Asian American | 22% | |
| Black or African American | 4% | |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 0% | |
| White | 71% | |
| “Other” race | 5% | |
| Maternal Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity | 17% | |
| Maternal education | ||
| <4-year college degree | 19% | |
| Bachelor’s degree | 26% | |
| Graduate degree | 55% |
N=97. Mothers could identify with more than race. Income-to-FPL=income-to-federal poverty level based on number of adults and children in the household. CTQ=Childhood Trauma Questionnaire – Short Form (Bernstein et al., 2003).