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. 2022 Nov 2;11:39. doi: 10.1186/s13619-022-00137-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Stretching induced stemness promotion. a and b showed the imaging and quantification of IHC staining for Olfm4. c Venn diagram showing the overlap among ISC signature genes (green), up-regulated genes (red), and down-regulated genes (purple). The significance was evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. d GSEA plot of static and stretching treated organoid sample compared with a gene list containing the top 384 ISC signature genes. NES, normalized enrichment score. e Quantification of the expression level of Lgr5, Ascl2, Olfm4, Msi1, Alpi, and Chga using qRT-PCR. f Images of organoids expressing Lgr5-eGFP at day1 post passaging. The right images were for stretching and the left for static. Red arrows marked out the round transparent ISC sphere complexes. g Quantification of ISC sphere ratio. Student’s t-test: ***P < 0.001. **P < 0.01. *P < 0.05. Scale bars, 50 μm in a, 100 μm in f