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. 2022 Oct 19;9:1002574. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1002574

TABLE 1.

Classification and representative structures for sphingolipids.

Common name Systematic name Formula Structure
Sphingoid bases
Sphingosine Sphing-4-enine C18H37NO2 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i001.jpg
Sphinganine Sphinganine C18H39NO2 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i002.jpg
Phytosphingosines 4R-hydroxysphinganine C18H39NO3 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i003.jpg
C16 Sphinganine Hexadecasphinganine C16H35NO2 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i004.jpg
Sphingosine-1-phosphate Sphing-4-enine-1-phosphate C18H38NO5P graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i005.jpg
Sphingosine-1-phosphocholine Sphing-4-enine-1-phosphocholine C23H49N2O5P graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i006.jpg
N,N-dimethylsphingosine N,N-dimethylsphing-4-enine C20H41NO2 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i007.jpg
Ceramide
Ceramide N-acyl-sphing-4-enine – graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i008.jpg
Dihydroceramide N-acyl-sphinganine – graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i009.jpg
Cer(t18:0/16:0) N-(hexadecanoyl)-4R-hydroxysphinganine C34H69NO4 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i010.jpg
Omega-linoleoyloxy-Cer(d18:1/30:0) N-(30-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-triacontanoyl)-sphing-4-enine C66H125NO5 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i011.jpg
Ceramide-1-phosphate N-(acyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphate – graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i012.jpg
Phosphosphingolipids
Sphingomyelin N-acyl-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphocholine – graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i013.jpg
N-Acyl ceramide phosphoethanolamine N-(acyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphoethanolamine – graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i014.jpg
PI-Cer(d18:1/22:0) N-(docosanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phospho-(1′-myo-inositol) C46H90NO11P graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i015.jpg
Phosphonosphingolipids
Ceramide ciliatine N-(acyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-(2-aminoethylphosphonate) – graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i016.jpg
Neutral glycosphingolipids
Glucosyl sphingosine 1-β-glucosyl-sphing-4-enine C24H47NO7 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i017.jpg
Gb3(d18:1/16:0) Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ-Cer(d18:1/16:0) C52H97NO18 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i018.jpg
Asialo-GM2(d18:1/16:0) GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ-Cer(d18:1/16:0) C54H100N2O18 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i019.jpg
Lc3Cer(d18:1/16:0) GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ-Cer(d18:1/16:0) C54H100N2O18 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i020.jpg
Acidic glycosphingolipids
Gangliosides GM4(d18:1/16:0) NeuAcα2-3Galβ-Cer(d18:1/16:0) C51H94N2O16 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i021.jpg
Sulfoglycosphingolipids
Galbeta-Cer(d18:1/18:0)		 N-octadecanoyl-1-β-(3′-sulfo)-glucosyl-sphing-4-enine C42H81NO11S graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i022.jpg
Glucuronosphingolipids
GlcAbeta-Cer(d18:1/18:0)		 N-(octadecanoyl)-1-β-glucuronosyl-sphing-4-enine C42H79NO9 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i023.jpg
Basic glycosphingolipids
Psychosine 1-β-galactosyl-sphing-4-enine C24H47NO7 graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i024.jpg
Amphoteric glycosphingolipids
Psychosine sulfate (2S,3R,4E)-2-amino-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl β-D-galactopyranoside 6-(hydrogen sulfate) C24H47NO10S graphic file with name fnut-09-1002574-i025.jpg