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. 2022 Oct 19;13:998844. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.998844

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Copyright © 2022 Vamvakopoulou, Fonville, Hayes, McGonigle, Elliott, Ersche, Flechais, Orban, Murphy, Smith, Suckling, Taylor, Deakin, Robbins, Nutt, Lingford-Hughes and Paterson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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BOLD response to aversive processing in all groups combined following placebo administration. Increased limbic BOLD signal across HD and DD groups for the aversive > neutral contrast is denoted in red, and decreased fronto-cortical BOLD signal indicated in blue. Color bar shows z-stat values representing average BOLD signal change across groups using FSL’s FLAME-1, mixed-effects analysis (n = 68, Z > 2.3, P < 0.05), controlling for center and age. MNI coordinates: x = 0.5 (sagittal), y = –4.7 (coronal), z = 13.7 (axial).