TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population: patients with acute LVO
| Characteristics | All patients | χ 2/z value | p value | Propensity score matching | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No/total No. (%) | No/total No. (%) | χ 2/z value | p value | |||||||
| All | NBP | Non‐NBP | All | NBP | Non‐NBP | |||||
| Number of patients | 1820 | 682 | 1138 | 1198 | 599 | 599 | ||||
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 66 (57–74) | 66 (56–73) | 66 (58–75) | −1.320 | 0.187 | 66 (56.75–74) | 66 (57–74) | 65 (56–75) | −0.078 | 0.938 |
| ≥66 | 943/1820 (51.8) | 352/682 (51.6) | 591/1138 (51.9) | 0.018 | 0.895 | 610/1198 (50.9) | 311/599 (51.9) | 299/599 (49.9) | 0/0.481 | 0.488 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 1150/1820 (63.5) | 429/682 (62.9) | 726/1138 (63.8) | 0.147 | 0.702 | 772/1198 (64.4) | 377/599 (62.9) | 395/599 (65.9) | 1.180 | 0.277 |
| Baseline NIHSS score, median (IQR) | 17 (12–24) | 16 (11–22) | 18 (13–26) | −5.599 | 0.000 | 16 (12–23) | 16 (11–22) | 16 (12–23) | −0.716 | 0.474 |
| ≥17 | 934/1820 (51.3) | 298/682 (43.7) | 636/1138 (55.9) | 25.375 | 0.000 | 567/1198 (47.3) | 276/599 (46.1) | 291/599 (48.6) | 0.763 | 0.385 |
| ASITN/SIR grade | ||||||||||
| 0–1 | 859/1812 (47.4) | 290/679 (42.7) | 569/1133 (50.2) | 10.151 | 0.006 | 517/1198 (43.2) | 257/599 (42.9) | 260/599 (43.4) | 0.110 | 0.947 |
| 2 | 545/1812 (30.1) | 217/679 (32.0) | 328/1133 (28.9) | 374/1198 (31.2) | 186/599 (31.1) | 188/599 (31.4) | ||||
| 3–4 | 408/1812 (22.5) | 172/679 (25.3) | 236/1133 (20.8) | 307/1198 (25.6) | 156/599 (26.0) | 151/599 (25.2) | ||||
| Baseline ASPECT score, median (IQR) c | 8 (7–10) | 8 (7–10) | 8 (7–10) | −0.057 | 0.954 | 8 (7–10) | 8 (7–10) | 8 (7–10) | −0.289 | 0.773 |
| ≥8 | 1102/1781 (61.9) | 408/663 (61.5) | 694/1118 (62.1) | 0.051 | 0.822 | 760/1198 (63.4) | 378/599 (63.1) | 382/599 (63.8) | 0.058 | 0.810 |
| Blood pressure on admission, median (IQR), mmHg | 148 (130–164.5) | 145 (128–160) | 150 (132–166) | −3.248 | 0.001 | 145 (130–161) | 145 (129.5–161) | 145 (130–162) | −0.134 | 0.893 |
| Medical history, No. (%) | ||||||||||
| Hypertension | 1044/1820 (57.4) | 351/682 (51.5) | 693/1138 (62.5) | 15.505 | 0.000 | 647/1198 (54.0) | 329/599 (54.9) | 318/599 (53.1) | 0.407 | 0.524 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 407/1820 (22.4) | 167/682 (24.5) | 240/1138 (21.1) | 2.835 | 0.092 | 278/1198 (23.2) | 151/599 (25.2) | 127/599 (21.2) | 2.698 | 0.100 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 379/1820 (20.8) | 133/682 (19.5) | 237/1138 (37.5) | 1.157 | 0.282 | 246/1198 (20.5) | 121/599 (20.2) | 125/599 (20.9) | 0.082 | 0.775 |
| Smoking | 560/1820 (30.8) | 211/682 (30.9) | 349/1138 (30.7) | 0.015 | 0.904 | 382/1198 (31.9) | 183/599 (30.6) | 199/599 (33.2) | 0.984 | 0.321 |
| Ischemic stroke | 280/1820 (15.4) | 99/682 (14.5) | 181/1138 (15.9) | 0.631 | 0.427 | 183/1198 (15.3) | 91/599 (15.2) | 92/599 (15.4) | 0.006 | 0.936 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 683/1819 (37.5) | 248/682 (36.4) | 435/1137 (38.3) | 0.653 | 0.419 | 439/1198 (36.6) | 223/599 (37.2) | 216/599 (36.1) | 0.176 | 0.675 |
| Treatment profiles | ||||||||||
| Onset to groin puncture, median (IQR), min | 309 (224–427) | 315 (230–450) | 301 (221–413) | −2.331 | 0.020 | 310 (230–429.5) | 320 (227–445.5) | 310 (230–430) | −0.237 | 0.813 |
| Onset to revascularization, median (IQR), min | 397 (279–549) | 400 (277–565) | 393 (280–541) | −0.537 | 0.591 | 400 (278–567) | 395 (275–545) | 406 (285–590) | −1.490 | 0.136 |
| Groin puncture to revascularization, median (IQR | 99 (67–140) | 95 (65–140) | 100 (69–142) | −1.652 | 0.099 | 97.5 (65–140) | 95 (65–136) | 100 (65–145) | −1.151 | 0.250 |
| Stroke causative mechanism | ||||||||||
| Large artery atherosclerosis | 890/1820 (48.9) | 333/682 (48.9) | 557/1138 (48.9) | 1.818 | 0.403 | 584/1198 (48.7) | 290/599 (48.4) | 294/599 (49.1) | 0.263 | 0.877 |
| Cardioembolism | 779/1820 (42.8) | 285/682 (41.8) | 494//1138 (43.4) | 507/1198 (42.3) | 253/599 (42.2) | 254/599 (42.4) | ||||
| Other | 151/1820 (8.3) | 64/682 (8.3) | 81//1138 (8.3) | 107/1198 (8.9) | 56/599 (9.3) | 51/599 (8.5) | ||||
| General anesthesia, No. (%) | 545/1812 (30.1) | 198/680 (29.1) | 347/1132 (30.7) | 0.477 | 0.526 | 855/1198 (71.4) | 431/599 (72.0) | 424/599 (70.8) | 0.200 | 0.655 |
| IV Thrombolysis | 470/1820 (25.8) | 175/682 (25.7) | 295/1138 (25.9) | 0.015 | 0.901 | 319/1198 (26.6) | 163/599 (27.2) | 156/599 (26.0) | 0.209 | 0.647 |
| Occlusion sites | ||||||||||
| Anterior circulation | 1154/1820 (63.4) | 438/682 (64.2) | 716/1138 (62.9) | 0.313 | 0.576 | 746/1198 (62.3) | 373/599 (62.3) | 373/599 (62.3) | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Posterior circulation | 666/1820 (36.6) | 244/682 (35.8) | 432/1138 (37.1) | 452/1198 (37.7) | 226/599 (37.7) | 226/599 (37.7) | ||||
| mTICI score a | ||||||||||
| 0‐2a | 288/1812 (15.9) | 101/675 (15.0) | 187/1137 (16.4) | 0.689 | 0.404 | 187/1198 (15.6) | 87/599 (14.5) | 100/599 (16.7) | 1.071 | 0.301 |
| 2b or 3 | 1524/1812 (84.1) | 574/675 (85.0) | 950/1137 (83.6) | 1011/1198 (84.4) | 512/599 (85.5) | 499/599 (83.3) | ||||
| Medications | ||||||||||
| Antihypertensive drugs d | 1023/1813 (56.4) | 344/680 (50.6) | 679/1133 (59.9) | 15.081 | 0.000 | 635/1198 (53.0) | 323/599 (53.9) | 312/599 (52.1) | 0.405 | 0.524 |
| Hypoglycemic drugs e | 364/1808 (20.1) | 129/679 (19.0) | 235/1129 (20.8) | 0.870 | 0.351 | 240/1198 (20.0) | 117/599 (19.5) | 123/599 (20.5) | 0.188 | 0.665 |
| Lipid‐lowering drugsf | 393/1814 (21.7) | 161/681 (23.6) | 232/1133 (20.5) | 2.511 | 0.113 | 272/1198 (22.7) | 147/599 (24.5) | 125/599 (20.9) | 2.302 | 0.129 |
| Anticoagulant drugs g | 661/1806 (36.6) | 241/677 (35.6) | 420/1129 (37.2) | 0.469 | 0.494 | 432/1198 (36.1) | 221/599 (36.9) | 211/599 (35.2) | 0.362 | 0.547 |
Abbreviations: ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; IQR, interquartile range; IV, intravenous; mTICI, modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
a
Missing data in 8 patients.
b
Missing data in 1 patient.
cMissing data in 39 patients.
d
Missing data in 7 patients.
e
Missing data in 12 patients.
f
Missing data in 6 patients.
g
Missing data in 14 patients.