TABLE 2.
Characteristics of the selected features in the “multimodal,” “Function,” “Diffusion,” “Volumetry,” “Iron” models
Model | Features | IPD | MSA‐P | Adjusted‐p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Multimodal | mALFF: left dorsolateral putamen | 0.71 ± 0.12 | 0.43 ± 0.18 | <0.001*** |
outFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right A4 upper limber region of precentral gyrus | 0.38 ± 0.17 | 0.21 ± 0.13 | <0.001*** | |
MD (×100): left dorsolateral putamen | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | <0.001*** | |
outFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right cerebellum IV | 0.26 ± 0.15 | 0.16 ± 0.12 | <0.001*** | |
inFC: left dorsal caudate‐right nucleus accumbens | 0.41 ± 0.17 | 0.29 ± 0.14 | <0.001*** | |
Iron GLCM‐DifferenceEntropy: left dorsolateral putamen | 1.23 ± 0.20 | 1.43 ± 0.29 | <0.001*** | |
Iron Entropy: left dorsolateral putamen | 1.96 ± 0.38 | 2.30 ± 0.48 | <0.001*** | |
outFC: left dorsal caudate‐right A9 lateral region of superior frontal gyrus | 0.47 ± 0.19 | 0.36 ± 0.20 | <0.001*** | |
outFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right A6 medial area of superior frontal gyrus | 0.28 ± 0.16 | 0.18 ± 0.15 | 0.002** | |
outFC: left dorsal caudate ‐right cerebellum IV | 0.34 ± 0.17 | 0.24 ± 0.21 | 0.009** | |
Iron GLRLM‐GLRLM‐RunLengthNonUniformityNormalized: left dorsolateral putamen | 0.38 ± 0.07 | 0.43 ± 0.07 | 0.002** | |
OutFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right cerebellum V | 0.32 ± 0.17 | 0.21 ± 0.17 | 0.012* | |
OutFC: left dorsal caudate‐right A9/46 dorsal area of middle frontal gyrus | 0.34 ± 0.19 | 0.24 ± 0.16 | 0.005** | |
OutFC: right ventromedial putamen‐left A10 lateral area of middle frontal gyrus | 0.32 ± 0.12 | 0.26 ± 0.13 | 0.003** | |
OutFC: right dorsolateral putamen‐left A6medial area of superior frontal gyrus | 0.27 ± 0.17 | 0.19 ± 0.12 | 0.011* | |
Volumetry (×100): left dorsolateral putamen | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 0.018* | |
Function | mALFF: left dorsolateral putamen | 0.71 ± 0.12 | 0.43 ± 0.18 | <0.001*** |
OutFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right A4 upper limber region of precentral gyrus | 0.38 ± 0.17 | 0.21 ± 0.13 | <0.001*** | |
OutFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right cerebellum IV | 0.26 ± 0.15 | 0.16 ± 0.12 | 0.001*** | |
InFC: left dorsal caudate‐right nucleus accumbens | 0.41 ± 0.17 | 0.29 ± 0.14 | <0.001*** | |
outFC: left dorsal caudate‐right A9 lateral region of superior frontal gyrus | 0.47 ± 0.19 | 0.37 ± 0.20 | 0.010* | |
outFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right A6medial area of superior frontal gyrus | 0.28 ± 0.16 | 0.18 ± 0.148 | 0.002** | |
outFC: left dorsal caudate ‐right cerebellum IV | 0.34 ± 0.17 | 0.24 ± 0.21 | 0.010* | |
outFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐right cerebellum V | 0.32 ± 0.17 | 0.21 ± 0.17 | 0.005** | |
outFC: left dorsal caudate‐right A9/46dorsal area of middle frontal gyrus | 0.34 ± 0.19 | 0.24 ± 0.16 | 0.007** | |
outFC: right ventromedial putamen‐left A10lateral area of middle frontal gyrus | 0.32 ± 0.12 | 0.26 ± 0.13 | 0.010* | |
outFC: right dorsolateral putamen‐left A6medial area of superior frontal gyrus | 0.27 ± 0.17 | 0.19 ± 0.12 | 0.010* | |
outFC: left dorsolateral putamen‐left lateral prefrontal thalamus | 0.36 ± 0.18 | 0.27 ± 0.18 | 0.010* | |
Diffusion | MD (×100): left dorsolateral putamen | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | <0.001*** |
FA: left dorsal caudate | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.012* | |
Volumetry | Volume (×100): left dorsolateral putamen | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 0.007** |
Volume (×100): right dorsolateral putamen | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 0.013* | |
Iron | Entropy: left dorsolateral putamen | 1.96 ± 0.38 | 2.30 ± 0.48 | <0.001*** |
DifferenceEntropy: left dorsolateral putamen | 1.23 ± 0.20 | 1.43 ± 0.29 | <0.001*** | |
GLRLRunLengthNonUniformityNormalized: left dorsolateral putamen | 0.38 ± 0.07 | 0.43 ± 0.07 | 0.001** | |
GLSZM‐SizeZoneNonUniformityNormalized: left dorsolateral putamen | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 0.27 ± 0.05 | 0.009** |
Note: Values expressed as mean ± SD.
Abbreviations: FA, fractional aniotrophy; GLCM, gray level co‐occurrence matrix; GLRLM, gray level run length matrix; GLSZM, gray level size zone matrix; IPD, idiopathic Parkinson's disease; MD, mean diffusivity; MSA‐P, parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy.
*Statistical significance, p < 0.05; **statistical significance, p < 0.01; ***statistical significance, p < 0.001.