Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate predictors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis among patients using immune checkpoint inhibitor (n = 128)
|
Clinical variables
|
Univariate predictors
|
Multivariate predictors
|
|||||
|
|
OR
|
95%CI
|
P
value
|
OR
|
95%CI
|
P
value
|
|
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age (yr) | 1.01 | 0.98-1.04 | 0.417 | ||||
| Male | 1.00 | 0.50-2.02 | 1.000 | ||||
| Female | 1.00 | 0.50-2.02 | 1.000 | ||||
| Race | |||||||
| White | 1.21 | 0.51-2.88 | 0.661 | ||||
| Black | 1.00 | 0.14-7.33 | 1.000 | ||||
| Asian | 0.79 | 0.20-3.07 | 0.730 | ||||
| Other | 0.84 | 0.27-2.66 | 0.770 | ||||
| Type of malignancy | |||||||
| Melanoma | 1.00 | 0.50-2.00 | 1.000 | ||||
| RCC | 1.16 | 0.40-3.42 | 0.784 | ||||
| NSCLC | 1.00 | 0.30-3.28 | 1.000 | ||||
| Sarcoma | 0.82 | 0.24-2.83 | 0.753 | ||||
| Head and neck SCC | 0.74 | 0.16-3.44 | 0.698 | ||||
| Other | 1.15 | 0.41-3.18 | 0.795 | ||||
| Stage IV malignancy | 0.72 | 0.24-2.22 | 0.572 | ||||
| Type of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor | |||||||
| Ipilimumab plus nivolumab | 1.00 | 0.49-2.05 | 1.000 | ||||
| Ipilimumab | 1.00 | 0.40-2.51 | 1.000 | ||||
| Nivolumab | 1.00 | 0.30-3.28 | 1.000 | ||||
| Pembrolizumab | 1.00 | 0.47-2.13 | 1.000 | ||||
| Atezolizumab | 1.00 | 0.24-4.18 | 1.000 | ||||
| Number of Infusionsa | 0.98 | 0.93-1.02 | 0.273 | ||||
| Dose of ICI (mg/kg) | 1.23 | 0.82-1.84 | 0.327 | ||||
| Medical History | |||||||
| Non-liver, non-upper GIb | 2.11 | 0.89-5.03 | 0.091 | ||||
| Autoimmune diseaseb | 2.45 | 1.04-5.78 | 0.040 | 1.87 | 0.74-4.74 | 0.186 | |
| Prior irAE | 7.74 | 0.92-64.82 | 0.059 | ||||
| Family history of autoimmune diseaseb | 4.43 | 0.90-21.74 | 0.067 | 3.98 | 0.74-21.38 | 0.107 | |
| Prior immune-enhancing therapyb | 0.20 | 0.04-0.95 | 0.043 | 0.19 | 0.04-1.01 | 0.052 | |
| Prior interferon-γ therapy | 0.15 | 0.018-1.31 | 0.087 | ||||
| Vitamin D use | 2.51 | 1.14-5.54 | 0.022 | 2.48 | 1.01-6.07 | 0.047 | |
| Smoking (current or prior) | 1.37 | 0.68-2.74 | 0.377 | ||||
| NSAID use | 0.89 | 0.35-2.28 | 0.811 | ||||
| Any vaccine | 0.49 | 0.20-1.21 | 0.123 | ||||
| Flu vaccine | 0.53 | 0.19-1.45 | 0.219 | ||||
| Pneumonia vaccine | 0.54 | 0.15-1.95 | 0.350 | ||||
| Other vaccine | 1.00 | 0.06-16.34 | 1.000 | ||||
| Weight at start of ICI (kg) | 1.01 | 0.99-1.03 | 0.393 | ||||
a
Number of infusions of immune checkpoint inhibitor prior to immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis diagnosis (cases) or total (controls).
b
ICI: Immune checkpoint inhibitor; IMC: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis; RCC: Renal cell carcinoma; NSCLC: Non-small cell lung cancer; SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma; irAE: Immune related adverse event.