Table 1.
Patient characteristics at baseline.
| Total cohort (n = 119) | Arm A (n = 59) | Arm B (n = 60) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years - median (range) | 49.0 (22–70) | 50 (25–64) | 48.5 (22–70) |
| Sex | |||
| Female - n (%) | 89 (74.8) | 44 (74.6) | 45 (75.0) |
| Male - n (%) | 30 (25.2) | 15 (25.4) | 15 (25.0) |
| BMI – mean (SD) | 28.08 (5.8) | 28.45 (6.1) | 27.71 (5.5) |
| BMI <25 - n (%) | 42 (35.3) | 21 (35.6) | 21 (35.0) |
| BMI 25–30 - n (%) | 37 (18.6) | 20 (33.9) | 17 (45.0) |
| BMI >30 - n (%) | 40 (33.6) | 18 (30.5) | 22 (36.7) |
| Smoking status - n (%) | |||
| Current | 7 (5.9) | 3 (5.1) | 4 (6.7) |
| Never | 76 (63.9) | 39 (66.1) | 37 (61.7) |
| Former | 36 (30.2) | 17 (28.8) | 19 (31.7) |
| Hospital admission during acute COVID-19 - n (%) | 18 (15.1) | 10 (17.0) | 8 (13.3) |
| Interval between COVID-19 onset and enrollment, days - mean (SD) | 288.55 (119.7) | 282.78 (117.3) | 294.23 (122.8) |
| CCI - n (%) | |||
| 0 points | 60 (50.4) | 29 (49.2) | 31 (51.7) |
| 1 point | 40 (33.6) | 22 (37.3) | 18 (30.0) |
| 2 points | 16 (13.5) | 7 (11.9) | 9 (15.0) |
| 3 points | 2 (1.7) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.7) |
| 4 points | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 1 (1.7) |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status at enrollment - n (%) | |||
| Fully vaccinated | 101 (84.9) | 53 (89.8) | 48 (80.0) |
| Partially vaccinated | 12 (10.1) | 4 (6.8) | 8 (13.3) |
| Unvaccinated | 6 (5.0) | 2 (3.4) | 4 (6.7) |
| PCC symptom score at baseline - mean (SD) | 43.06 (15.9) | 46.35 (16.8) | 39.8 (14.4)∗ |
| EQ-5D index at baseline - mean (SD) | 0.66 (0.1) | 0.63 (0.1) | 0.69 (0.10)† |
∗p = 0.02 and †p < 0.001 versus arm A.
BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; PCC, post COVID-19 condition; SD, standard deviation.