Table 1.

Clinical baseline characteristics of all participants.

Parameters	Control group (n = 18)	PCOS group (n = 32)
Age (Years)	29.89 ± 3.36	29.34 ± 2.88
BMI	20.44 ± 2.20	23.46 ± 3.67**
T (μg/L)	0.44 ± 0.15	0.68 ± 0.30*
DHEAS (μg/dL)	190.30 ± 45.85	270.15 ± 83.75**
SHBG (nmol/L)	88.75 ± 21.08	48.00 ± 20.20**
FAI	0.57 ± 0.35	2.10 ± 2.74**
E2 (pmol/L)	235.83 ± 261.42	233.66 ± 129.57
LH (IU/L)	5.51 ± 1.92	10.75 ± 9.64*
FSH (IU/L)	7.28 ± 1.90	6.69 ± 1.66
LH/FSH	0.76 ± 0.24	1.57 ± 1.15**
AMH (μg/L)	3.19 ± 0.79	8.12 ± 4.60***
PRL (μg/L)	13.07 ± 4.59	13.02 ± 5.57
FBG (mmol/L)	4.63 ± 0.66	5.30 ± 0.34**
FSIns (mIU/L)	4.53 ± 2.20	9.70 ± 5.54**
HOMA-IR	0.92 ± 0.42	2.29 ± 1.35**
TCHO (mmol/L)	4.82 ± 0.79	5.17 ± 0.91
TG (mmol/L)	1.06 ± 0.86	1.11 ± 0.66
LDL (mmol/L)	2.65 ± 0.41	3.00 ± 0.78
HDL (mmol/L)	1.62 ± 0.34	1.48 ± 0.25
CRP (mg/L)	1.36 ± 0.42	3.01 ± 2.47**

BMI, body mass index; T, total testosterone; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin; FAI, free androgen index (FAI = T × 100/SHBG); E2, estradiol; LH, luteinizing hormone; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH/FSH, the ratio of LH to FSH; AMH, Anti-Mullerian hormone; PRL, prolactin; FBG, fasting blood glucose; FSIns, fasting serum insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR = FBG × FSIns/22.5); TCHO, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; CRP, and C-reactive protein. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. The difference between PCOS and healthy controls is compared by the independent-samples T test approach, and p < 0.05 is considered as statistical significance.

^*p < 0.05;

^**p < 0.01;

^***p < 0.001.