Flowchart of the Development, Optimization, and Validation of the Machine Learning–Based Atrial Fibrillation Prediction Model
∗Data were obtained from the Huawei Heart Study from February 1, 2019, to October 31, 2019, which was the first stage of the mAFA II (Mobile Health Technology for Improved Screening, Patient Involvement, and Optimizing Integrated Care in Atrial Fibrillation) study, using Huawei smart technology. AF = atrial fibrillation; ECG = electrocardiography; ML = machine learning; PPG = photoplethysmography.