Figure 2.

Dynamic Natures of CHA₂DS₂-VASc and HAS-BLED Scores

The stroke and bleeding risks of AF patients were not static; patients would become older and acquired incident comorbidities. (A) The incidence rate of ischemic stroke according to the follow-up CHA₂DS₂-VASc scores and delta-CHA₂DS₂-VASc scores (the difference between the baseline and follow-up scores). (B) The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the baseline, follow-up, and delta-CHA2DS2-VASc scores in predicting ischemic stroke. (C) The incidence rate of major bleeding according to the follow-up HAS-BLED scores and delta-HAS-BLED scores (the difference between the baseline and follow-up scores). (D) The AUCs for the baseline, follow-up, and delta-HAS-BLED scores in predicting major bleeding. Adapted with permission from Chao et al.^15,16 AUC = area under curve; CHA₂DS₂-VASc = congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 (doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled)-vascular disease, age 65-74 and sex category (female); HAS-BLED = hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function (1 point each), stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile INR, elderly (> 65 years), drugs/alcohol concomitantly (1 point each).