Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients, According to Treatment Group, After Propensity Score Matching
| Matched Cohorts of RD-AVR vs SAVR |
Matched Cohorts of RD-AVR vs TAVR |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RD-AVR (n = 107) | SAVR (n = 107) | Standardized Differencea | RD-AVR (n = 58) | TAVR (n = 58) | Standardized Differencea | |
| Age, y | 70.3 ± 7.2 | 70.6 ± 8.3 | 0.04 | 74.9 ± 5.8 | 75.4 ± 6.6 | 0.09 |
| Male | 57 (53.27) | 56 (52.34) | 0.02 | 24 (41.38) | 25 (43.1) | 0.03 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25 ± 3.6 | 25.0 ± 2.9 | <0.001 | 24.7 ± 3.9 | 24.4 ± 2.9 | 0.10 |
| STS score,%b | 2.1 ± 1.6 | 2.1 ± 1.4 | 0.02 | 2.7 ± 1.8 | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 0.08 |
| NYHA functional class III or IV | 29 (27.1) | 30 (28.0) | 0.02 | 20 (34.5) | 18 (31.0) | 0.07 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 30 (28.0) | 32 (29.9) | 0.04 | 19 (32.8) | 18 (31.0) | 0.04 |
| Hypertension | 75 (70.1) | 79 (73.8) | 0 | 46 (79.3) | 45 (77.6) | 0.04 |
| Current smoker | 8 (7.5) | 7 (6.5) | 0.04 | 5 (8.6) | 6 (10.3) | 0.06 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 68 (63.6) | 64 (59.8) | 0.08 | 35 (60.3) | 36 (62.1) | 0.04 |
| Previous MI | 2 (1.9) | 1 (0.9) | 0.08 | 2 (3.5) | 1 (1.7) | 0.10 |
| Previous PCI | 11 (10.3) | 12 (11.2) | 0.03 | 6 (10.3) | 6 (10.3) | 0 |
| Previous stroke | 9 (8.4) | 7 (6.5) | 0.07 | 6 (10.3) | 8 (13.8) | 0.10 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 5 (4.7) | 4 (3.7) | 0.05 | 2 (3.5) | 1 (1.7) | 0.10 |
| COPD | 8 (7.5) | 9 (8.4) | 0.03 | 7 (12.1) | 5 (8.6) | 0.11 |
| Renal failurec | 6 (5.6) | 4 (3.7) | 0 | 2 (3.5) | 2 (3.5) | 0 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (1.7) | 2 (3.5) | 0.10 |
| Pulmonary hypertensiond | 12 (11.2) | 11 (10.3) | 0.03 | 7 (12.1) | 6 (10.3) | 0.05 |
| Aortic valve area, cm2 | 0.62 ± 0.15 | 0.62 ± 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.61 ± 0.13 | 0.60 ± 0.16 | 0.11 |
| Aortic valve gradient, mm Hg | 62.7 ± 19.0 | 63.3 ± 19.6 | 0.03 | 61.2 ± 18.7 | 63.8 ± 25.8 | 0.11 |
| Bicuspid aortic valve | 43 (40.2) | 44 (41.1) | 0.02 | 14 (24.1) | 15 (25.9) | 0.04 |
| LVEF, % | 61.7 ± 9.2 | 61.7 ± 8.3 | 0.004 | 60.8 ± 10.2 | 60.2 ± 10.2 | 0.07 |
| Moderate or severe regurgitation | ||||||
| Aortic valve | 23 (21.5) | 25 (23.4) | 0.04 | 13 (22.4) | 12 (20.7) | 0.04 |
| Mitral valve | 2 (1.9) | 3 (2.8) | 0.06 | 1 (1.7) | 2 (3.5) | 0.10 |
| Tricuspid valve | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.7) | 0 |
Values are mean ± SD or n (%).
Abbreviations as in Table 1.
Balance between the groups was assessed by calculating standardized differences, for which a difference of <0.10 was considered to indicate good balance.
Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality (STS-PROM) scores range from 0 to 100%, with higher scores indicating a greater risk of death within 30 days after the procedure. STS-PROM uses an algorithm that is based on the presence of coexisting illnesses to predict 30-day operative mortality. The STS-PROM score equals the predicted mortality expressed as a percentage.
Renal failure was defined as serum creatinine ≥2 mg/dL or on dialysis.
Pulmonary hypertension was indicated by pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≥50 mm Hg.