Table 3.
Targets of CAR-NK cell-based therapy for solid tumors
| Target | Tumor | NK cell sources | CAR structures | CAR transfer | Reference | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HER2 | Breast and Ovarian carcinoma | PB | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ | Retrovirus | [101] | 2008 |
| HER2 | Breast cancer | NK-92 | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ | mRNA electroporation | [102] | 2015 |
| HER2 | Breast cancer and Renal cell carcinoma | NK-92 | scFv‐CD3ζ/scFv-CD28-CD3ζ/scFv-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [103] | 2015 |
| HER2 | Glioblastoma | NK-92 | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [104] | 2016 |
| HER2 | Gastric cancer | NK-92 | scFv-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [105] | 2019 |
| EGFR/EGFRvIII | Glioblastoma | NK-92/NKL cells/PB | scFv-CD2-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [76] | 2015 |
| EGFR/EGFRvIII | Glioblastoma | NK cell line YTS | scFv-DAP12 + CXCR4 | Lentivirus | [106] | 2015 |
| EGFR/EGFRvIII | Breast cancer/Brain metastases | NK-92/PB | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [107] | 2016 |
| EGFR/EGFRvIII | Glioblastoma | PB | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ | Retrovirus | [108] | 2021 |
| EGFR/EGFRvIII | Breast cancer | PB | scFv-CD28-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [109] | 2020 |
| GD2 | Neuroblastoma | NK-92 | scFv-CD3ζ | Retrovirus | [110] | 2012 |
| GD2 | Ewing sarcomas | PB | scFv-4-1BB-2B4-CD3ζ | Retrovirus | [111] | 2016 |
| Mesothelin | Ovarian cancer | iPSC-NK cells/NK-92 |
scFv-NKG2D-2B4-CD3ζ scFv-NKG2D-2B4-DAP10-CD3ζ scFv-NKG2D-4-1BB-2B4-CD3ζ |
Transposon transfection | [33] | 2018 |
| Mesothelin | Ovarian cancer | NK-92 | scFv-CD28-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [112] | 2020 |
| Mesothelin | gastric cancer | NK-92 | scFv-NKG2D-2B4-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [113] | 2021 |
| PSCA | Prostate cancer/Bladder carcinoma/Glioblastoma | NK cell line YTS | scFv-DAP12/scFv-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [40] | 2015 |
| PSMA | Prostate cancer | NK-92 | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [114] | 2020 |
| PSMA | Prostate cancer | NK-92 | scFv-NKG2D-2B4-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [115] | 2022 |
| Glypican-3 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | NK-92 | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [116] | 2018 |
| Glypican-3 | Ovarian cancer | iPSC-NK | scFv-CD28-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [117] | 2020 |
| Glypican-3 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | NK-92 |
scFv-CD3ζ/scFv-CD28-CD3ζ/ scFv-DNAM1 or 2B4-CD3ζ |
Lentivirus | [118] | 2020 |
| EpCAM | Breast carcinoma | NK-92 | scFv-CD28-CD3ζ + IL-15 | Lentivirus | [119] | 2012 |
| HLA-G | Solid tumor | PB | scFv-KIR2DS4-DAP12 + iCasp9 | Lentivirus | [120] | 2021 |
| GPA7 | Melanoma | NK-92 | scFv-CD3ζ | mRNA electroporation | [121] | 2017 |
| c-MET | Hepatocellular carcinoma | PB | scFv-4-1BB-DAP12-EGFRt-V5 | Lentivirus | [122] | 2019 |
| B7-H3 | Non-small cell lung cancer | NK-92 | scFv-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [123] | 2020 |
| DLL3 | Small cell lung cancer | NK-92 | scFv-NKG2D-2B4-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | [124] | 2022 |