Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| N = 28 | |
|---|---|
| Female (%) | 21 (75) |
| Age (years old, mean ± SD) | 46.1 ± 9.8 |
| Health professional (%) (n = 27) | 13 (48) |
| Psychiatric history* (%) (n = 27)‡ | 7 (26) |
| Time from onset of symptoms to first post-COVID consultation (months, mean ± SD) | 8.3 (5.3) |
| COVID diagnosis confirmed by professional Antigenic or PCR test (%) | 19 (68) |
| COVID diagnosis confirmed by serology (%) | 17 (61) |
| Patients that have still not resumed work or their studies (n = 27) | 19 (70) |
| Initial COVID-19 phase | |
| Number of symptoms (mean ± SD) | 3.6 ± 1.7 |
| General symptoms (fever, anorexia) (%) | 18 (65) |
| Neurological symptoms (headaches, cognitive disorders, language disorders) (%) | 18 (64) |
| Asthenia (%) | 18 (64) |
| Respiratory signs (cough, dyspnea, shortness of breath) (%) | 17 (61) |
| Anosmia, ageusia (%) | 10 (36) |
| Arthro-muscular symptoms (aches, arthralgia, myalgia) (%) | 8 (29) |
| Digestive symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) (%) | 6 (21) |
| Cardiovascular symptoms (chest pain, chest tightness, palpitations) (%) | 5 (18) |
| Post-COVID-19 condition | |
| Number of symptoms (mean ± SD) | 4.9 ± 1.7 |
| General symptoms (%) | 21 (75) |
|
Neurological symptoms (%) Headaches Cognitive disorders Language disorders |
28 (100) 13 (46) 28 (100) 11 (39) |
| Asthenia (%) | 24 (86) |
| Respiratory signs (%) | 19 (68) |
| Anosmia, ageusia (%) | 11 (39) |
| Arthro-muscular symptoms (%) | 15 (54) |
| Digestive symptoms (%) | 7 (25) |
| Cardiovascular symptoms (%) | 12 (43) |
| Hyperventilation syndrome (%) | 15 (54) |
| Psychological impact (anxiety, depressive syndrome) (%) | 12 (43) |
| Dysautonomic syndrome (%) | 8 (29) |
| Post-traumatic stress syndrome (%)** | 1 (3.5) |
| Clinical score scales | |
| MoCA (/30) (n = 12, mean ± SD) | 25.9 ± 2.7 |
| HAD (n = 13) | |
| On the anxious side (/21) (mean ± SD) | 7.0 ± 2.9 |
| On the depressive side (/21) (mean ± SD) | 6.6 ± 3.1 |
| mMRC (/4) (n = 13) (n = 13, mean ± SD) | 1.9 ± 1.1 |
| Chalder fatigue scale (n = 12) | |
| Overall score (/33) (mean ± SD) | 27.8 ± 3.7 |
| Physical score (/21) (mean ± SD) | 17.5 ± 3.1 |
| Psychological score (12) (mean ± SD) | 10.4 ± 1.5 |
| Ongoing medications ‡ | |
| None (%) | 12 (43) |
| Anxiolytic/antidepressant drug (%) | 7 (25) |
| Antihistamine drug (%) | 6 (21) |
| Beta-blocker/antianginal drug (%) | 4 (14) |
| Antiplatelet (%) | 4 (14) |
| Melatonin (%) | 3 (11) |
| Proton pump inhibitor (%) | 2 (7) |
| Curative anticoagulant (%) | 1 (3.5) |
| Anti-epileptic drug (%) | 1 (3.5) |
| Cerebral MRI results (n = 20) ‡ | |
| Normal (%) | 13 (65) |
| Mild aspecific vascular leukopathy (%) | 5 (25) |
| Olfactory bulb atrophy (%) | 1 (5) |
| Right parasagittal occipital meningioma (%) | 1 (5) |
*No psychiatric disease at the time of COVID infection (2 patients with antecedents of depressive disorders, 3 with anxiety-depressive disorders, 1 with a bipolar disorder, and 1 with an eating disorder), **post-traumatic stress syndrome evaluated in health workers after a clinical evaluation by a psychologist, ‡ no significant associations between presence/absence or normal/abnormal scans and neuropsychological test scores or metabolism of identified brain 18F-FDG PET clusters. HAD, hospital anxiety and depression; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; SD, standard deviation