Table 2.
Annual change in treatment interventions
| Intervention | Univariable | P value | Multivariable* | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | |||
| Blood product transfusion | 0.92 (0.81–1.04) | 0.18 | 0.97 (0.86–1.37) | 0.49 |
| Massive transfusion protocol activated | 1.04 (0.97–1.13) | 0.26 | 1.11 (1.00–1.23) | 0.06 |
| Non-invasive ventilation | 0.94 (0.85–1.04) | 0.24 | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 0.62 |
| Invasive ventilation | 0.84 (0.81–0.88) | < 0.0001 | 0.84 (0.79–0.88) | < 0.0001* |
| Patient-controlled/opiate infusion | 0.92 (0.87–0.96) | 0.0003 | 0.92 (0.87–0.96 | 0.0008* |
| Regional analgesia | 1.17 (1.10–1.25) | < 0.0001 | 1.15 (1.07–1.24) | 0.0002* |
| Epidural analgesia | 1.02 (0.90–1.14) | 0.79 | 0.97 (0.85–1.11) | 0.67 |
| Intercostal catheter pleural drainage | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 0.35 | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | 0.27 |
| Surgical stabilisation rib fractures | 1.12 (1.06–1.19) | 0.0001 | 1.15 (1.07–1.24) | 0.0001* |
| Tracheostomy | 0.86 (0.79–0.93) | 0.0003 | 0.84 (0.75–0.93) | 0.0015* |
*Adjusted for age, gender, Injury Severity Score, haemothorax, pneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, and cause of accident