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. 2021 Oct 19;32(2):263–267. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2107.07046

Fig. 2. A. The semi-quantitative crystal violet staining assay was used to determine the amount of bacterial biofilm.

Fig. 2

OD values are given as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05. B. Microscopic examination of the effects of CS@Fe3O4 nanoparticles on biofilm formation were observed by crystal violet staining after 24 and 48 h.