Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of patients with COVID-19 including those responding and not responding to follow-up invitation
| Demographics | No. (%) of patients* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients; n = 993 | Seen at 90-day follow-up; n = 206 | Declined follow-up invitation; n = 260 | Never responded to follow-up; n = 506 | Died prior to 90 days; n = 21 | |
| Age (median, IQR) | 38 (27-57) | 51 (35–61) | 37 (26–54) | 34 (25–53) | 79 (71–88) |
| Sex (female) | 514 (51.7) | 122 (59.2) | 136 (52.3) | 246 (48.6) | 10 (43.5) |
| Pregnant | 20 (2.0) | 7 (3.4) | 5 (1.9) | 8 (1.6) | 0 (0) |
| Health care worker | 206 (20.7) | 66 (32.0) | 57 (21.9) | 83 (16.4) | 0 (0) |
| International travel (within 14 days of symptom onset) | 73 (7.3) | 21 (10.2) | 15 (5.7) | 36 (7.1) | 1 (4.4) |
| Known exposure to case with COVID-19 | 524 (52.7) | 96 (46.6) | 140 (53.8) | 272 (53.8) | 16 (69.6) |
| Household contacts (average per case) | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Number of days from symptom onset to COVID-19 test | 4.2 (-5 to 42) | 4.4 (-3 to 37) | 4 (-1 to 31) | 4.4 (-4 to 42) | 3.1 (-5 to 11) |
| Location of COVID-19 test | |||||
| Assessment centre | 707 (71.1) | 106 (51.4) | 189 (72.7) | 411 (81.2) | 1 (4.4) |
| In-hospital | 219 (22.0) | 80 (38.8) | 60 (23.0) | 62 (12.3) | 17 (73.9) |
| Number of days from symptom onset to initial COVIDEO assessment | 6.5 (-2 to 48) | 7 (-2 to 48) | 6.5 (1 to 46) | 6.3 (-2 to 44) | 5.2 (2 to 17) |
| Initial symptoms grouped by system | |||||
| Constitutional | 629 (63.2) | 151 (73.3) | 159 (61.2) | 302 (59.7) | 17 (73.1) |
| Cardiorespiratory | 557 (56.0) | 134 (65.1) | 148 (57.0) | 257 (50.8) | 18 (78.3) |
| Upper respiratory | 468 (47.0) | 103 (50.0) | 112 (43.1) | 250 (49.4) | 3 (13.0) |
| Neurological | 527 (53.0) | 121 (58.7) | 141 (54.2) | 255 (50.4) | 10 (43.5) |
| Gastrointestinal | 296 (29.8) | 80 (38.8) | 77 (29.6) | 134 (26.5) | 5 (21.7) |
| Rheumatologic | 373 (37.5) | 96 (46.6) | 103 (39.6) | 173 (34.2) | 1 (4.4) |
| Psychiatric | 290 (29.2) | 79 (38.4) | 76 (29.2) | 133 (25.3) | 7 (30.4) |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Cardiac disease | 66 (6.6) | 14 (6.8) | 19 (7.3) | 25 (4.9) | 8 (34.8) |
| Hypertension | 176 (17.6) | 57 (27.7) | 45 (17.3) | 61 (12.1) | 13 (56.5) |
| Diabetes | 93 (9.3) | 22 (10.7) | 21 (8.1) | 42 (8.3) | 8 (34.8) |
| Chronic lung disease | 29 (2.9) | 8 (3.9) | 4 (1.5) | 10 (2.0) | 7 (30.4) |
| Asthma | 89 (8.9) | 27 (13.1) | 22 (8.4) | 38 (7.5) | 2 (8.7) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 29 (2.9) | 5 (2.4) | 9 (3.5) | 11 (2.2) | 4 (17.4) |
| Chronic liver disease | 11 (1.1) | 2 (0.9) | 4 (1.5) | 4 (0.8) | 1 (4.4) |
| Malignancy | 62 (6.2) | 14 (6.8) | 19 (7.3) | 20 (4.0) | 9 (39.1) |
| Chronic hematologic disease | 23 (2.3) | 6 (2.9) | 4 (1.5) | 11 (2.2) | 2 (8.7) |
| Rheumatic disease | 17 (1.7) | 7 (3.4) | 5 (1.9) | 3 (0.6) | 2 (8.7) |
| HIV | 4 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.8) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (4.6) |
| Chronic neurological disease | 60 (6.0) | 9 (4.3) | 16 (6.2) | 21 (4.2) | 14 (60.9) |
| Obesity | 49 (4.9) | 22 (10.7) | 15 (5.8) | 12 (2.4) | 0 (0) |
| Smoker | 66 (6.6) | 13 (6.3) | 22 (8.4) | 29 (5.7) | 2 (8.7) |
| Malnutrition | 8 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) | 3 (0.6) | 4 (17.4) |
| Antibiotic therapy | |||||
| Beta-lactam | 96 (9.7) | 28 (13.6) | 31 (11.9) | 24 (4.7) | 13 (56.5) |
| Macrolides | 55 (5.5) | 17 (8.3) | 19 (7.3) | 14 (2.8) | 5 (21.7) |
| Additional household cases | 0.8 (0–6) | 0.8 (0–6) | - | - | - |
| Lymphocyte count | 1.2 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.2–3.3) | 1.1 (0–2.4) | 1.3 (0.3–5.0) | 1.2 (0.4–4.3) |
| Abnormal chest X-ray | 171 (17.1) | 59 (28.6) | 45 (17.3) | 49 (9.7) | 18 (78.3) |
| Hospitalization at or within 30 days of diagnosis | 145 (14.5) | 44 (21.4) | 46 (17.7) | 35 (6.9) | 20 (87.0) |
| Days from diagnosis to hospital admission | 1.4 (-61 to 74) | 2 (-3 to 11) | 3 (-31 to 74) | 0.9 (-61 to 70) | -2.5 (-34 to 6) |
| ICU admission within 30 days of diagnosis | 44 (4.4) | 15 (7.3) | 13 (5.0) | 9 (1.8) | 7 (30.4) |
| Mechanical ventilation within 30 days of diagnosis | 34 (3.4) | 11 (5.3) | 9 (3.5) | 7 (1.4) | 7 (30.4) |
| Duration of hospitalization, d | 1.7 (0–164) | 1.7 (0–23) | 1.6 (0–125) | 1.0 (0–164) | 17.8 (0–61) |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation, d | 6.7 (0–60) | 4.8 (0–21) | 5.8 (0–60) | 8.5 (0–36) | 9.5 (0–52) |
*Unless otherwise specified