Figure 3.

Biomaterials used in the vascularized liver tissue engineering. (a) Pluronic and alginate with high applicability. Adapted with permission from Ref. [140]. (b) Collagen type I with hyaluronic acid. Adapted with permission from Ref. [149]. (c) Gelatin. (c_i) Gelatin scaffolds. Adapted with permission from Ref. [71]. (c_ii) Photocrosslinking of GelMA, producing vascularized tissues with complex shapes. Adapted with permission from Ref. [147]. (d) dECM bioink with enhanced printability and mechanical properties. Adapted with permission from Ref. [151]. (e) Synthetic polymers. (e_i) PCL mixed with biodegradable hollow fibers (HF). Adapted with permission from Ref. [156]. (e_ii) PLGA scaffolds. Adapted with permission from Ref. [157]. (f) Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Adapted with permission from Ref. [164].