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. 2022 Oct 12;9:rbac079. doi: 10.1093/rb/rbac079

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — Bioprinted vascularized liver models. (a) Inkjet-based bioprinting. Adapted with permission from Ref. [177]. (b) Photocuring-based bioprinting. Adapted with permission from Ref. [189]. (c) Extrusion-based bioprinting. (c_i) Pre-set micro-extrusion printing. Adapted with permission from Ref. [102]. (c_ii) Coaxial extrusion printing. Adapted with permission from Ref. [67]. (c_iii, c_iv) Sacrificial printing. Adapted with permission from Ref. [69, 187]. (d) Microvascular induction. (d_i) Microvascular induction to generate liver organoids. Adapted with permission from Ref. [103]. (d_ii) Microvascular induction to generate hepatic spheroids. Adapted with permission from Ref. [196].