. 2022 Oct 20;10:1010818. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1010818

TABLE 3.

The comparison of CPCs in normal and OA cartilage.

Species	Age	Gender	Sites	Severity	Isolated methods	Results	Ref
Human	25–85 years old (N = 11)		Lateral tibial plateau	Normal cartilage	Fibronectin attachment	CPCs increased in OA cartilage but displayed increased senescent properties, such as telomere erosion	Fellows et al. (2017)
Human	54–85 years old (N = 11)		Lateral tibial plateau adjacent to cartilage lesions	OARSI grade 3.25 (mean) OA cartilage	Fibronectin attachment		Fellows et al. (2017)
Human			Knee articular cartilage	Normal cartilage	A mixture of chondrocyte and CPCs	Notch-1⁺ cells increased in OA cartilage	Hiraoka et al. (2006)
Human			Knee articular cartilage	OA cartilage	A mixture of chondrocyte and CPCs	Notch-1⁺ cells increased in OA cartilage	Hiraoka et al. (2006)
Human	22 ± 4 years (N = 3)		Knee articular cartilage	Normal cartilage	Fibronectin attachment	Lower CD34 and higher CD166 in OA CPCs	Vinod et al. (2020b)
Human	63 ± 7 years (N = 3)		Knee articular cartilage	Grade 4 OA cartilage	Fibronectin attachment	Lower CD34 and higher CD166 in OA CPCs	Vinod et al. (2020b)
Human	58–85 years old (N = 10)		Tibia plateau cartilage	OARSI grade 1–3 OA cartilage	A mixture of chondrocyte and CPCs	Cells from the mild OA cartilage showed higher CD105, Sox9 and Acan expression compared with severe OA cartilage after 14 days culture in vitro	Mazor et al. (2017)
Rat	12 weeks old		Hip and knee joints cartilage	Normal cartilage	Fibronectin attachment	CPCs showed a transient proliferative increase in early OA, but could be inhibited by inflammation	Tong et al. (2015)
Rat	8-week-old			OA model	In vivo		Tong et al. (2015)
Human	45–76 years old (N = 15)	7 M/8 F	Load-bearing of lateral femoral condyle	Grade 1–2 OA cartilage	A mixture of chondrocyte and CPCs	Prevalence (CTPs/million cells) was not different between superficial and deep cartilage	Mantripragada et al. (2018)
Human	63.6 years (N = 28)	9 M/19 F	Lateral tibial plateau	Grade 1–2 OA cartilage	Migration	Stronger cell migration and more CD105+/CD271+ cells in higher grade OA CPCs	Wang et al. (2020b)
Human	63.6 years (N = 28)	9 M/19 F	Medial tibial plateau	Grade 3–4 OA cartilage	Migration		Wang et al. (2020b)
Human	47–79 years old (N = 12)	4 M/8 F	Medial and lateral condyles cartilage	Normal looking and degraded OA cartilage	CD105+/CD166+ sorting	The CPCs number, proliferation, and adipogenic potential in lesion area decreased and osteogenic potential increased	Xia et al. (2016)