TABLE 5.
Parameter estimates for the longitudinal associations between sleep, dietary patterns, and body composition (N = 116)1
| Predictors | Fat mass, kg | Percent body fat |
|---|---|---|
| Effect estimate (95% CI) | ||
| Baseline fat mass, kg | 1.21 (1.12, 1.30)2 | — |
| Baseline percent body fat | — | 0.97 (0.89, 1.04)2 |
| Sleep duration, min/d | −0.04 (−0.09, 0.00) | −0.02 (−0.03, 0.00)3 |
| Sleep midpoint, hours/d | −0.04 (−0.19, 0.10) | −0.23 (−0.69, 0.23) |
| Sleep regularity,4 units | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.02) | 0.03 (−0.03, 0.08) |
| Total Energy Intake, kcal/d | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.00) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) |
| Morning Energy Intake, kcal/d | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | −0.03 (−0.09, 0.03) |
| Nighttime Energy Intake, kcal/d | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.02) |
| Time of First Eating Event, hours/d | −0.01 (−0.14, 0.11) | −0.12 (−0.50, 0.27) |
| Time of Last Eating Event, hours/d | 0.17 (0.02, 0.33) | 0.83 (0.24, 1.42)* |
1
All regression models were adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, childcare attendance, and income-to-needs ratio.
2
P < 0.01.
3
P < 0.05.
4
The index scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting more consistent sleep and wake timing.