TABLE 2.
Social ecological model and risk factors for ADV perpetration and/or victimization.
| References | Individual | Relationship | Community | Societal |
| Bender et al. (48) | Yes (both) | Yes (perpetration) | (None) | (None) |
| Caridade et al. (49) | Yes | Yes | (None) | Yes (perpetration) |
| Dardis et al. (45) | Yes (both) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) |
| Fernet et al. (44) | Yes (victimization) | (None) | (None) | (None) |
| Goncy (52) | (None) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) |
| Goncy et al. (53) | (None) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) |
| Hébert et al. (54) | (None) | Yes (victimization) | (None) | (None) |
| Johnson et al. (46) | (None) | (None) | Yes (both) | (None) |
| Johnson et al. (50) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) | (None) |
| Joly and Connelly (58) | (None) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) |
| Leen et al. (42) | Yes (perpetration) | Yes (perpetration) | (None) | (None) |
| Lyons and Rabie (43) | (None) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) |
| Malhi et al. (57) | Yes (perpetration) | Yes (perpetration) | Yes (perpetration) | Yes (perpetration) |
| Park et al. (22) | (None) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) |
| Rothman et al. (55) | Yes (perpetration) | (None) | (None) | (None) |
| Spencer et al. (47) | Yes (perpetration) | Yes (perpetration) | (None) | (None) |
| Storer et al. (51) | (None) | (None) | (None) | Yes (victimization) |
| Taquette and Monteiro (7) | Yes (perpetration) | Yes (perpetration) | (Yes)12 | (Yes)12 |
| Vagi et al. (20) | Yes (perpetration) | Yes (perpetration) | (None) | (None) |
| Zych et al. (56) | (None) | Yes (both) | (None) | (None) |
12Article does not specify whether these risk factors are for perpetration or victimization.