. 2022 Oct 19;7(43):39335–39346. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05551

Table 1. In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of M. dubia Fruit and Its Fractions.

sample	α-amylase activity (mU)^a	α-amylase activity IC₅₀ (μg/mL)^b	α-glucosidase activity (units/L)^a	α-glucosidase activity IC₅₀ (μg/mL)^b
acarbose	2.34 ± 0.03^a	139.68 ± 5.37^a	56.35 ± 1.33^a	462.04 ± 4.04 ^a
M. dubia freeze-dried fruit	1.13 ± 0.14^b	99.07 ± 2.36^b	22.61 ± 0.67^b	267.53 ± 12.67^b
F_AcOEt	1.53 ± 0.55^c	-	33.76 ± 1.70^c	-
F_BuOH	0.89 ± 0.64^d	60.74 ± 4.04^c	22.94 ± 0.21^b	237.15 ± 2.39^c
F_Water	1.00 ± 0.29^b	82.21 ± 3.99^d	41.30 ± 4.09^d	329.71 ± 15.01^d
F1_BuOH	0.32 ± 0.17^a	-	21.64 ± 3.91^a	-
F2_BuOH	0.42 ± 0.02^b	23.41 ± 1.99^e	21.31 ± 1.59^a	190.06 ± 7.98^e
F3_BuOH	1.46 ± 0.81^c	-	20.00 ± 2.50^b	-
F4_BuOH	0.64 ± 0.51^d	-	7.53 ± 2.25^c	-
F5_BuOH	2.88 ± 3.05^e	-	33.09 ± 10.16^d	-
F6_BuOH	0.86 ± 0.25^f	-	20.65 ± 6.55^a	-
F2.3.2_BuOH: (S)-4-butoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid (1) + (S)-4-butoxy-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid (2) (84:16 ratio)		11.69 ± 1.75^f		102.69 ± 4.16^f

Enzymatic activity at 1000 μg/mL. Activity values are expressed according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Values are expressed as IC₅₀ ± SD (n = 3) in μg/mL. -, Not determined. Values in the same column/group followed by different superscript, lower-case letters are significantly different by the ANOVA test (p < 0.05). Acarbose was used as the positive control.