Table 2.

Donor age affected genes within osteogenic monolayer cultures

CELL TYPE	GENE FUNCTION
	Proliferation regulators	Signaling	Transcription factors	Extracellular matrix
AT-MSCs	Up-regulated CASP3 (-) CLU ( +)	Up-regulated CRYAB MET TNFRSF11B	Up-regulated SOX5
	Down-regulated CTNNB1 ( +) HGF ( +)	Down-regulated SMOC† TNFSF11	Down-regulated BMP2 BMP4	Down-regulated BGN COL11A1 SPARC
BM-MSCs	Down-regulated AQP1 ( +) BARD1 (-) CASP3 (-) CDKN1A (-) CLU ( +) CTNNB1 ( +) FGF5 ( +) FGF18 ( +) HDGF ( +) HGF ( +) IGF1† ( +) MYC ( +) PDGFD ( +) TP53† (-) VEGFA ( +)	Up-regulated SOST Down-regulated CAVIN1 GDF6 TIMP2 SMOC†	Down-regulated BMP6 GLI3 RUNX2 TGFB1	Up-regulated IBSP Down-regulated ACAN BGN COL11A1 DMP1 LOC100146589
DFs	Down-regulated BCL2 ( +) CASP3 (-) CDKN1A (-) FGF5 ( +) HGF ( +) PDGFD ( +) TP53† (-) VEGFA ( +)	Up-regulated ALPL CRYAB EB2F S100A1 SOST TNFRSF11B	Up-regulated BMP6 SOX9 Down-regulated BMP2 BMP4 RUNX2 RUNX3 SP7 TGFB1 TGFB2	Down-regulated BGN COL1A1 COL4A1 COL11A1 COL12A1 FN1 LOC100146589 SPARC SPP1

All listed genes were significantly affected by donor age within monolayer cultures of adipose tissue (AT)- and bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and dermal fibroblasts (DF) from horses in five different age groups (n = 4, N = 60) after 21 days of culture in osteogenic induction medium as determined by one-way ANOVA when p < 0.05. Up-regulated genes indicate an up-regulation in gene expression with increasing donor age. Down-regulated genes indicate a down-regulation in gene expression with increasing donor age. ^†: Categorized based on main function related to osteogenesis, but could be categorized in more than one annotation category, ( +): Enhance proliferation, (-): Inhibits proliferation