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. 2022 Nov 3;41:319. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02524-w

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Resistance to targeted therapies: the role of soluble factors. Main mechanisms of resistance to molecular therapies mediated by CAF-produced soluble factors and exosomal vescicles are represented. HGF: Hepatocyte Growth Factor; FGF: Fibroblast Growth Factor; IGFs: Insulin-like Growth Factors; PDGF-C: Platelet-Derived Growth Factor C; NRG1b: Neuregulin-1b; IL-6: interleukin 6; sFRP2: secreted frizzled related protein 2; EV: exosomal vesicles; CSC: cancer stem cell