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. 2022 Oct 20;13:968304. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.968304

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Copyright © 2022 Peter, Withanage, Comnick, Pendleton, Dabdoub, Ganesan, Drake, Banas, Xie and Zeng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Summary of functional LEfSe results (Analyses 2, 3, and 4). This Venn diagram describes the extent of confounding represented in our case vs. control functional analysis (Analysis 2). Of the 16 functional pathways found to be significantly more abundant in either the OSCC or control samples, 6 were also showed significant differences in abundance in either the case vs. case or control vs. control comparisons. This was another indication of non-OSCC related differences between the samples from studies A, B, and C.