TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients classified by immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) who survived longer than 3 months before and after propensity score matching
| Variable | Before propensity score matching | After propensity score matching | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 2 irAEs | Grade ≥3 irAEs | Grade ≥2 irAEs | Grade 1 or no irAEs | P | Grade ≥2 irAEs | Grade 1 or no irAEs | P | SD | |
| n = 134 | n = 86 | n = 220 | n = 400 | n = 198 | n = 198 | ||||
| Age, years, median (range) | 73 (66‐77) | 71 (66‐75) | 72 (66‐77) | 71 (65‐77) | 0.671 | 72 (66‐77) | 73 (67‐77) | 0.352 | 0.041 |
| Gender, n (%) | |||||||||
| Male | 96 (71.6) | 66 (76.7) | 162 (73.6) | 304 (76.0) | 0.560 | 146 (73.7) | 147 (74.2) | 0.909 | 0.011 |
| Female | 38 (28.4) | 20 (23.3) | 58 (26.4) | 96 (24.0) | 52 (26.3) | 51 (25.8) | |||
| Smoking history, n (%) | 72 (53.7) | 50 (58.1) | 122 (55.5) | 228 (57.0) | 0.735 | 111 (56.1) | 117 (59.1) | 0.611 | 0.061 |
| Primary tumor site, n (%) | |||||||||
| Upper urinary tract | 64 (47.8) | 44 (47.8) | 108 (49.1) | 164 (41.0) | 0.124 | 92 (46.5) | 91 (46.0) | 0.954 | 0.010 |
| Bladder/urethra | 58 (43.3) | 37 (43.0) | 95 (43.2) | 211 (52.8) | 91 (46.0) | 89 (45.0) | |||
| Both | 12 (9.0) | 4 (4.7) | 16 (7.3) | 23 (5.8) | 14 (7.1) | 16 (8.1) | |||
| Variant histology, n (%) | 12 (9.0) | 6 (7.0) | 18 (8.2) | 41 (10.3) | 0.475 | 16 (8.1) | 11 (5.6) | 0.426 | 0.099 |
| Surgical removal of primary site, n (%) | 77 (57.5) | 45 (52.3) | 122 (55.5) | 234 (58.5) | 0.497 | 109 (55.1) | 114 (57.6) | 0.685 | 0.403 |
| Metastatic site, n (%) | |||||||||
| Lymph nodes | 90 (67.2) | 56 (65.1) | 146 (66.4) | 269 (67.3) | 0.859 | 133 (67.2) | 133 (67.2) | 1.000 | 0.000 |
| Viscera | 80 (59.7) | 45 (52.3) | 125 (56.8) | 238 (59.5) | 0.551 | 114 (57.6) | 114 (57.6) | 1.000 | 0.000 |
| Liver | 20 (14.9) | 13 (15.1) | 33 (15.0) | 58 (14.5) | 0.906 | 31 (15.7) | 31 (15.7) | 1.000 | 0.000 |
| Line of pembrolizumab, n (%) | |||||||||
| First | 17 (12.7) | 14 (16.3) | 31 (14.1) | 69 (17.3) | 0.232 | 31 (15.7) | 30 (15.2) | 0.888 | 0.072 |
| Second | 82 (61.2) | 48 (55.8) | 130 (59.1) | 246 (61.5) | 119 (60.1) | 126 (63.6) | |||
| Third | 28 (20.9) | 20 (23.3) | 48 (21.8) | 62 (15.5) | 37 (18.7) | 33 (16.7) | |||
| Fourth or more | 7 (5.2) | 4 (4.7) | 11 (5.0) | 23 (5.8) | 11 (5.6) | 9 (4.6) | |||
| Hb, g/dl, median (range) | 11.1 (9.8‐12.1) | 10.9 (9.2‐12.1) | 11.0 (9.6‐12.1) | 10.7 (9.4‐12.1) | 0.270 | 10.9 (9.4‐12.0) | 10.7 (9.6‐12.3) | 0.823 | 0.046 |
| Alb, g/dl, median (range) | 3.8 (3.5‐4.1) | 3.7 (3.2‐4.1) | 3.8 (3.4‐4.1) | 3.8 (3.4‐4.1) | 0.843 | 3.8 (3.4‐4.1) | 3.7 (3.4‐4.1) | 0.610 | 0.002 |
| NLR, median (range) | 3.0 (2.0‐4.3) | 3.4 (2.1‐4.6) | 3.2 (2.0‐4.3) | 3.1 (2.1‐4.7) | 0.515 | 3.2 (2.0‐4.6) | 3.2 (2.2‐4.6) | 0.600 | 0.009 |
| ECOG PS, n (%) | |||||||||
| 0 | 73 (54.5) | 36 (41.9) | 109 (49.6) | 226 (56.5) | 0.168 | 103 (52.0) | 108 (54.6) | 0.878 | 0.052 |
| 1 | 48 (35.8) | 37 (43.0) | 85 (38.6) | 125 (31.3) | 72 (36.4) | 67 (33.8) | |||
| ≥2 | 13 (9.7) | 13 (15.1) | 26 (11.8) | 49 (12.3) | 23 (11.6) | 23 (11.6) | |||
| irAE maximum grade, n (%) | |||||||||
| Grade 2 | 134 (60.9) | 0 | 134 (60.9) | 0 | 121 (61.1) | 0 | |||
| Grade 3 | 0 | 69 (31.4) | 69 (31.4) | 0 | 62 (31.3) | 0 | |||
| Grade 4 | 0 | 17 (7.7) | 17 (7.7) | 0 | 15 (7.6) | 0 | |||
| Grade 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Cycles of pembrolizumab, n, median (range) | 9 (5‐20) | 4.5 (3‐10) | 7 (3‐17) | 7 (4‐16) | 0.714 | 7 (4‐17) | 7 (4‐16) | 0.773 | |
Abbreviations: Alb, albumin; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; Hb, hemoglobin; NLR, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio; SD, standardized difference.