Table 2.
A summarized literature review of recently conducted research for reduction of 4‐NA and 2‐NA.
|
Catalyst |
Catalyst amount |
Kapp [s−1] |
Recycling runs |
Temperature [°C] |
Reducing agent |
Reducer concentration |
Time |
Nitroaromatic |
Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ni/RGO |
10 mg/50 mL |
1.29×10−2 |
– |
30 |
NaBH4 |
0.5 g/20 mL |
190 min |
4‐NA |
[27] |
|
Ag‐PNiM hybrid microgels |
4 mg mL−1 |
8.52×10−1 |
– |
25 |
NaBH4 |
32.15 mm |
13 min |
4‐NA |
[54] |
|
ZnO/CdO/RGO |
1.2 mg L−1 in 25 mL |
7.1×10−3 |
4 |
25 |
– |
– |
120 min |
4‐NA |
[55] |
|
ZnO NPs |
10 mg L−1 |
2.44×10−2 |
– |
25 |
– |
– |
105 min |
4‐NA |
[56] |
|
CuFe2O4 |
3.5 mg/5 mL |
7.98×10−2 |
6 |
25 |
NaBH4 |
100 mg/5 mL |
40 s |
4‐NA |
This study |
|
Pd/CoFe2O4/chitosan |
4 mg |
– |
5 |
25 |
NaBH4 |
0.1 mL, 2.5×10−2 m |
65 s |
2‐NA |
[10] |
|
Au/SiO2‐shell/Fe3O4‐core |
3 mg |
4.1 ×10−3 |
10 |
30 |
NaBH4 |
1 mL (0.2 m) |
4.2 min |
2‐NA |
[29] |
|
CoMn2O4/APTPOSS@FPS |
1 mg/2.5 mL |
1.83×10−2 |
10 |
25 |
NaBH4 |
0.5 m |
100 s |
2‐NA |
[50] |
|
20 %V dopped‐Bi2 (O, S)3 |
10 mg |
34.4×10−3 |
3 |
25 |
NaBH4 |
0.1 m, 5 mL |
150 s |
2‐NA |
[53] |
|
SiO2@CuxO@TiO2 |
10 mg |
0.018 |
– |
25 |
NaBH4 |
– |
150 s |
2‐NA |
[57] |
|
Ag NPs |
0.50 mL |
2.43 ×10−3 |
– |
25 |
NaBH4 |
0.05 m, 1.00 mL |
540 s |
2‐NA |
[58] |
|
CuFe2O4 |
3.5 mg/5 mL |
3.48×10−2 |
6 |
25 |
NaBH4 |
100 mg/5 mL |
90 s |
2‐NA |
This study |