Fig 1. Path Diagram – Partial Least Squared – Path Modelling.

Summary of structural equation model for quality of life in CCCA, indicating the impact and relative weighting of each of the three latent variables subjective symptoms, relationship issues, objective signs, and 21 manifest variables. l = manifest variable loading, pc = path coefficient, Cr R2: Contribution to R²; [x₁, x₂] = confidence intervals. Criteria used to assess structural fit of the model included goodness of fit (0.66), significance of path coefficients and level of R² values. The R² coefficients, using the Repeated Indicator Approach, is 1. All path coefficients were positive and significant with positive Bootstrap confidence intervals. The three items in the figure that are shaded grey had values that did not contribute to the estimated QLI and were therefore excluded from the final analysis.