Table 1.
Summary of older age–specific vaccine efficacy data in phase 3 coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine trials
| Vaccine | Type | Number of Older Adult Participants (% of Total Participants) Age Cutoff | VE in Older Adults % (95% CI) | Overall Efficacy (95% CI) | Median Follow-Up (in days)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BNT162b2 (Pfizer) | mRNA vaccine encoding spike glycoprotein | 15,921 (42.2) >55 y |
93.7 (80.6–98.8) | 95.0 (90.0–97.9) | 60 |
| mRNA-1273 (Moderna) | mRNA vaccine encoding spike glycoprotein | 7512 (25.8) ≥65 y |
86.4 (61.4–95.2) | 94.1 (89.3–96.8) | 63 |
| NVX-CoV2373 (NVX; Novavax) | Nanoparticle vaccine containing purified spike glycoprotein and adjuvant | 3910 (27.9) ≥65 y |
88.9 (20.2–99.7) | 89.7 (80.2–94.6) | 56 |
| ChAdOx-nCov19 (ChAd; AZD1222, AstraZeneca) | Replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine, expressing spike glycoprotein | 7238 (22.4) ≥65 y |
83.5 (54.2–94.1) | 74.0 (65.3–80.5) | 61 |
| Ad26.COV2.S (Ad26; Janssen) | Replication-deficient adenovirus vector vaccine constructed to encode a spike glycoprotein | 14,672 (33.5) ≥60 y |
66.2 (36.7–83.0) | 66.1 (55.0–74.8) | 58 |
| rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based (Sputnik V, Gam-COVID-Vac) | Heterologous rAd-based vaccine encoding spike glycoprotein | 2144 (10.8%) >60 y |
91.8 (67.1–98.3) | 91·6 (85.6–95.2) | 21 d after first dose |
| Inactivated whole virus vaccine (CoronaVac, Sinovac Biotech) | Inactivated whole SARS-CoV-2 | 43,774 (100%) ≥70 y |
55.4 (46.5–62.8) | Same | Not stated |
| BBV152 (Covaxin, Bharat Biotech Intl.) | Inactivated whole SARS-CoV-2 with Toll-like receptor 7/8 adjuvant adsorbed to alum | 1858 (10.9%) ≥60 y |
67.8 (8·0–90.0). | 77.8 (65·2–86.4) | 99 |
Nine of 11 WHO-approved COVID-19 vaccines shown as well as the Sputnik V vaccine.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; rAd, recombinant adenovirus; VE, vaccine efficacy.
a
Median follow-up is counted after the second dose unless otherwise specified.