Table 3.
Association Between Zygosity at HLA Class I Loci and Class II Loci and HCC Among REVEAL-HBV Cohort in Taiwan
| HLA Zygosity | Incident HCC Cases (n = 306) | Chronic HBV Carriers Without HCC (n = 3110) | HR Adjusted for Age, Sex, and Principal Components (95% CI)a | HR Further Adjusted for Viral Load (95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class I loci | ||||
| Heterozygous at all loci | 191 (62.4) | 2118 (68.1) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Homozygous in at least 1 locus | 115 (37.6) | 992 (31.9) | 1.31 (1.04–1.65) | 1.27 (1.00–1.60) |
| Number of homozygous loci | ||||
| 1 | 88 (28.8) | 698 (22.4) | 1.42 (1.10–1.83) | 1.31 (1.02–1.68) |
| 2 | 18 (5.9) | 200 (6.4) | 0.99 (.61–1.60) | 1.11 (.68–1.80) |
| 3 | 9 (2.9) | 94 (3.0) | 1.18 (.60–2.31) | 1.25 (.64–2.45) |
| P trend | .168 | .130 | ||
| HLA-A | ||||
| Heterozygote | 244 (79.7) | 2533 (81.4) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Homozygote | 62 (20.3) | 577 (18.6) | 1.13 (.85–1.49) | 1.13 (.86–1.50) |
| HLA-B | ||||
| Heterozygote | 271 (88.6) | 2788 (89.6) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Homozygote | 35 (11.4) | 322 (10.4) | 1.11 (.78–1.58) | 1.11 (.78–1.58) |
| HLA-C | ||||
| Heterozygote | 252 (82.4) | 2629 (84.5) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Homozygote | 54 (17.6) | 481 (15.5) | 1.24 (.93–1.67) | 1.27 (.95–1.71) |
| Class II loci | ||||
| Heterozygous at all loci | 157 (51.3) | 1708 (54.9) | Ref. | |
| Homozygous in at least 1 locus | 149 (48.7) | 1402 (45.1) | 1.21 (.97–1.51) | 1.17 (.93–1.46) |
| Number of homozygous | ||||
| 1 | 101 (33.0) | 1001 (32.2) | 1.15 (.89–1.47) | 1.13 (.88–1.46) |
| 2 | 27 (8.8) | 241 (7.7) | 1.21 (.80–1.81) | 1.04 (.69–1.56) |
| 3 | 21 (6.9) | 160 (5.1) | 1.64 (1.04–2.59) | 1.70 (1.08–2.70) |
| P trend | .031 | .068 | ||
| HLA-DPB1 | ||||
| Heterozygote | 193 (63.1) | 2010 (64.6) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Homozygote | 113 (36.9) | 1100 (35.4) | 1.16 (.92–1.46) | 1.20 (.95–1.51) |
| HLA-DQB1 | ||||
| Heterozygote | 240 (78.4) | 2595 (83.4) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Homozygote | 66 (21.6) | 515 (16.6) | 1.40 (1.06–1.84) | 1.21 (.92–1.60) |
| HLA-DRB1 | ||||
| Heterozygote | 367 (87.3) | 2762 (88.8) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Homozygote | 39 (12.7) | 348 (11.2) | 1.17 (.84–1.64) | 1.15 (.82–1.61) |
Data are No. (%).
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HR, hazard ratio; REVEAL-HBV, Risk Evaluation of Viral Load Elevation and Associated Liver Disease/Cancer-Hepatitis B Virus study.
aHRs and 95% CIs were estimated from Cox proportional hazards regression models with attained age as the time scale and were adjusted for sex and principal components. Censored at death, diagnosis of HCC, and end of follow-up (2016), whichever occurred first.
bAdditionally adjusted for baseline HBV DNA load (in categories, <300, 300–9999, 10 000–99 999, 100 000–999 999, ≥1 000 000 copies/mL). Subjects with missing on baseline HBV DNA load were retained in the analysis (n = 176).